9-10 Grammar

Transformation of sentence for SSC/HSC Examination

1.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Anika wrote a letter to her mother yesterday.(passive) (b) She told her mother to send TK.1000 to buy some books.(complex) (c)In the letter, she told her that she should not worry about her studies.(simple) (d)Her mother offer writes to her.(interrogative)(e)She feels that her mother is better than all other mother in the world.(superlative)

Ans:(a)Yesterday a letter was written to her mother by Anika .(b)She told her mother to send TK. 1,000 so that she could buy some books.(c)In the letter she told her not to worry about her studies.(d)Doesn’t her mother often write to her ?(e) She feels that her mother is the best mother in the world.

2.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)As her husband had no land, he used to work on other people’s land.(Compound) (b)With great effort they married their two daughters off when they reached teenage.(Simple) (c) Her only son went to town for earning his livelihood. (complex).(d)Years of malnutrition and deprivation made them look older. (passive) (e)Very few women were as need as Ayeshea Begum.(Superlative)

Ans:(a)Her husband had no land and he used to work on other people’s land. (b)With great effort, they married their two daughter off at their teenage.(c)Her only son went to town so that he could earn his livelihood.(d)They were made look older for years of malnutrition and deprivation. (e)Ayesha was the most needy women.

3.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)It begets only the worst. (Negative).(b) Anger is one of the most inhuman vices. (positive). (c) So, we should control it for our own sake. (Passive). (d) He who is taken by anger causes a lot of troubles .(Simple). (e)Realizing it, we should to be emotionally balanced.(Complex)

Ans:(a)It begets nothing but the worst.(b)Very few vices are as inhuman as anger.(c) So, it should be controlled for our own sake. (d) He, being taken by anger, causes a lot of troubles.(e) We should try to be emotionally balanced which we should realize.

4.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)My friend invited me to pay a visit to cox’s Bazar.(Interrogative) (b) I gladly accepted the invitation.(passive) (c)When I reached there, my friend received me cordially.(compound)(d)I was very glad to see the sea-beach.(Exclamatory) (e)It was one of the most memorable journeys in my life.(positive)

Ans:(a)Didn’t my friend invite me to pay a visit to Cox’s Bazar?(b)The invitation was gladly accepted by me. (c)I reached there and my friend received me cordially.  (d)How glad I was to see the sea beach!(e)Very few journeys in my life were as memorable as it.

5.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)E-mail is a computer based messaging system.(Complex)(b)It eliminates the time spent in establishing phone calls.(Interrogative) (c) It is cheaper than telephone calls. (passive) (d)It takes only a few seconds to transmit a massage from one country to another.(Negative)(e)But even here people use commercially operated e-mail facilities for important purposes.(Passive)

Ans:(a)E-mail is a messaging system which is based on computer.  (b)Doesn’t eliminate the time spent in establishing phone calls? (c)Telephone calls are not as costly as it.(d)It doesn’t take more than few seconds to transmit a message from one country  to another (e) But even here commercially operated e-mail facilities for important purposes are used.

6.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

There are two ways of developing competence in a language-acquiring the language or learning it.(a)acquiring a language is more successful then learning.(Positive)(b) Teachers encourage the learners of a second language to practice the language.(Passive) (c)Students who wish to acquire proficiency in a language should practice the language.(Simple) (d)Communicative competence can be achieved in a short-time.(Interrogative without changing meaning).(e) A language learner must shake off reticence and he is sure to succeed in his effort.(Complex). 

Ans:(a)Learning a language is not as unsuccessful as acquiring .(b)The learners of a second language are encouraged by teachers to practice the  language.  (c) Students wising to acquire proficiency in a language should practice the language.(d)Can communicative competence not be achieved in a short time? (e)A language learner must shake off reticence so that he will be sure to succeed in life.

7.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Cox’s Bazar sea-beach is the longest sea-beach in the world. (Complex) (b) It is one of the most beautiful sea-beaches in the world. (Positive) (c) It is called pleasure seekers paradise. (Active) (d)The visitors go there for enjoying natural beauties. (Compound)  (e) Those who become tired may go to relax there. (Simple)

Ans:(a)It is Cox’s bazar   sea beach which is the longest sea beach in the world.   (b)Very few sea beaches in the world are as beautiful as it. (c)People call it pleasure seeker’s paradise.(d)The visitors go there and enjoys natural beauties.(e)Tired people may go  to relax there.

8.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

Frugality is a good habit. (a) A man who is frugal does not like to spend money without seasons.(simple) (b)The target of a frugal man is to save money for future.(complex). (c) Everyone can practice frugality to make a well-planned family. (Passive). (d)As a frugal man can save money, he can spend it in time of crisis easily .(Compound).(e) A frugal man is happier than a a prodigal man (positive).

Ans:(a)Yesterday a letter was written to her mother by Anika .(b)She told her mother to send TK. 1,000 so that she could buy some books.(c)In the letter she told her not to worry about her studies.(d)Doesn’t her mother often write to her ? (e)She feels that her mother is the best mother in the world.

9.      Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Water, an important element of environment, is polluted by various ways.(Complex) (b)The water which is pure is necessary for us.(simple) (c) Man pollute water  by throwing waste in it.(compound) (d)The farmers use water in time of cultivation largely.(Passive) (e)It is one of the most important elements of all living beings.(Positive)

Ans:(a)Water which is an important element of environment is polluted in many ways.(b)Pure water is necessary for us.(c)Men throw waste in water pollute it.(d)Water is used in time of cultivation largely by the farmers.  (e)Very few elements of all human beings are as important as it.

10. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Water, an vital element of environment, is polluted by various ways.(complex) (b)When rain and flood wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water.(Simple). (c) Mills and factories also pollute water. (Passive).(d)Water vehicles pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them.(compound).(e)Thus water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth .(active).

Answer :(a) Water which is an important element of environment is polluted in many ways .  (b)Pure water is necessary for us . (c)Men throw waste in water pollute it . (d)Water is used in time of cultivation largely by farmers. (e)Very few elements of all human beings are as important as it .   

11. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)But at last God took pity on him.(Make it negative without changing the meaning) (b)One day the old sailor was watching the water snakes swimming round the ship.(Passive) (c)He was filled with a strange wonder.(Active) (d)At once the dead albatross fell from his neck into the sea and the old man fell into a deep sleep.(Complex) (e) When he woke up, it was raining.(simple).

Answer:(a)But at last God could not but take pity on him . (b)One day a water snake were being watched swimming round the ship by the old sailor.(c)A strange wonder filled him . (d)As soon as the dead albatross fell from his neck into the sea, the old man fell into a deep sleep .(e)It was raining at the time of his waking up.

12. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

a)The birds that come to our country in winter are called migratory birds.(simple) (b) In winter the weather is too cold for them to live in the north.(complex) (c)They find a better shelter in Bangladesh.(Passive) (d) We must protect them.(negative) (e)Migratory birds run faster than the dove.(positive)

Answer:(a)The birds coming to our country in winter are called migratory birds . (b)In winter the weather is so cold for them that they can not live in the North. (c)A better shelter is found in Bangladesh by them. (d)We must not kill them or, we can not protect them. (e)The dove can not run as fast as migratory birds.    

13. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Cricket is very exciting game.(Exclamatory)(b) People of all ages enjoy this game. (Passive) (c) At present cricket is the most popular game in our country.(Positive) (d) Bangladesh is one of the weakest test playing countries .(Comparative) .So most of the people do not like watching test cricket.(e)They are fond of watching ‘twenty-twenty’ cricket. (Interrogative)

Answer:(a)Cricket is a game which is very exciting . (b)This game is enjoyed by people all over the world very much. (c)At present cricket is more popular than any other game in our country. (d)It is a very costly game and young men and children get a great deal of delight playing it . (e)Alas! the performance of Bangladesh Cricket team is not up to the mark . 

14. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Very few insects are as busy as a bee.(Comparative) It is known as an industrious creature. (b)It lives together.(Negative) (c)It flies from flower and collects honey.(Simple) (d)It stores in the hive.(Passive) (e)In winter, it remains idle but it works hard in spring.(complex)It leads a disciplined life.

Answer:(a)The bee is busier than most other insects .(b)It does not live separately. (c)Flying from flower to flower it collects honey.(d)Honey is stored by in the hive by it. (e)Though it remains idle in winter, it works hard in spring.

15. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)The national memorial which is situated at Savar is a symbol of nation’s respect.(Simple)(b) Standing in front of the graves we bow down our heads.(Compound)(c) The towers symbolize the loftiness of the spirit of the martyred freedom fighters. (Interrogative) (d) We always remember their memories.(Negative) (e) Everyday many people go to visit it.(Interrogative)

Answer:(a)The National Memorial at Savar is a symbol of nation’s respect. (b)We stand in front of the graves and bow down our heads. (c)Don’t the towers symbolize the loftiness of the spirit of the martyred freedom fighters? (d)We never forget their memories. (e)Don’t many people go to visit it everyday. 

16. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)He is considered the greatest physicist after Einstein.(Active)(b)In 1979 he joined Cambridge University.(Complex) (c)When he was thirty two years old, he received the prestigious Albert Einstein award.(Simple) (d)He wrote a book explaining the cosmology for general public.(Compound)(e)He is one of the greatest scientists in the present world. (Positive)

Answer:(a)people consider him the greatest physicist after Einstein. (b) It was 1979 when he joined Cambridge University. (c) At the age of thirty two, he received the prestigious Albert Einstein award. (d) He wrote a book and explained cosmology for general public. (e) Very few scientists in the present world are as great as he .

17. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

Raju is a good boy. (a)I do not know his fathers name. (Complex) (b)But I know the place where he was born.(Simple) He is an active man.(c)Though he is poor, he is honest.(Compound)(d)He is the best player.(Negative)(e)What a simple life he leads1!(Assertive) 

Ans:(a) I do not know what his father’s name is.(b)But I know his birth place.  (c)He his poor but honest. (d)No other player is as good as he.(e)He leads a very simple life.

18. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

It was a hot summer day.(a)A cunning fox was passing through a forest. (Complex) . (b) The fox was thirsty and was looking for water.(Simple)(c)It could not find any source of water.(e)It seemed to the fox that it was the happiest animal in the world .(Comparative) 

 Ans(a)A fox which was cunning was passing through a forest. (b)The thirsty fox was looking for water.(c)Any source of water could not be found by it.(d)Didn’t hr feel very helpless?(e)It seemed to the fox that it was happier than any other animal in the world.

19. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Once a cook roasted a duck for his master. (Passive) (b)The roast looked so delicious that the cook could not resist the temptation. (Simple) He ate one of the drumsticks. (c)When his master sat down to eat, he quickly noticed the missing drumstick.(Compound) (d)The master enquired of the missing leg. (Interrogative) (e) But the cook told him that this duck had only one leg .(Negative) 

  Ans(a) Once a duck was roasted by a cook for his master.(b)The roast looked too delicious for the cook to  resist the temptation.(c)His master sat down to eat and  at that time he quickly noticed the missing leg.(d)The cook told him that the duck did not have more than one leg.(e)The cook insisted on the duck’s having only one leg.

20. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Health is wealth.(complex) (b)A healthy poor man is happier then a sick moneyed   man. (Positive)(c)When a healthy man is an asset to his family, an unhealthy man is a liability. (Compound) (d)He can succeed in life. (Interrogative) (e)Everybody must be conscious of health.(Negative)

Ans(a) It is health which is wealth.(b)A sick moneyed man is not as happy as healthy poor man.(c)A healthy man is an asset to his family and an unhealthy man is a liability.(d)Can’t he succeed in life?(e)Everybody cannot but be conscious of healthy .

21. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Long long ago there was a king who was very wise .(Make it simple) (b)People called him wise Solamon.(passive) (c)Actually, at that time he was the wisest of all. (Comparative) (d)There was another ruler also named queen of Sheba.(Compound) (e) One day she thought Solomon’s wisdom should not remain untested.(complex)

Ans (a)Long long  ago there was a wise king.(b)He was called wise Solomon by people. (c) Actually, at that time he was wiser than all.(d)There was another ruler and her name was queen of Sheba.(e) One day she thought that Solomon’s wisdom should not remain untested.

22. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

Adulteration is the act of making any commodity impure by admixture of other or baser ingredients.(a)This admixture may corrupt the original commodity.(Passive)(b)The value or the effectiveness of the finished product is destroyed by adulteration.(Active) Adulterated foods and beverages cause a serious health hazards.(c)We have laws and law-enforcing agencies to stop the dishonest businessmen.(Complex) (d) Their effort has been proved ineffective since adulteration of foods and other commodities is on the increase.(Compound) (e)It is strong public awareness which is essential for the fight against adulteration.(Simple)

Answer:(a)The nature of the original commodity may be corrupted by this admixture. (b)Adulteration destroys the value or the effectiveness of the finished product.(c)We have laws and low enforcing agencies which can stop the dishonest businessmen.(d)Adulteration of foods and other commodities is on the increase and their effort has been proved ineffective.(e) Strong public awareness is essential for the fight against adulteration.

23. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Day to day life in Dhaka is expensive.(Negative).(b) People living below the poverty line leads a miserable life.(Complex).(c)Price hike is one of the biggest problems for them. (Positive).(d)The government has taken necessary measures to keep the price hike under control. (Passive) . (e)The people who are greedy, are responsible for price spiral. (Simple).

Ans: (a) Day to day life in Dhaka is not cheap.(b)People who live below the poverty line lead a miserable life. (c)Very few problems are as great  as price hike for them.(d)Necessary measure have been taken by the government to keep the price hike under control.(e)Greedy people are responsible for price spiral .

24. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a) Cricket is very exciting game (complex). (b) People all over the world enjoy this game very much (passive). (c) At present cricket is one of the most popular games in our country (comparative). (d) Though it is a very costly game, young men and children get a great deal of delight plying it (compound). (e) It is a matter of sorrow that the performance of Bangladesh Cricket Team is not up to the mark (exclamatory).

Answer: (a) Cricket is a game, which is very exciting. (b) The game is enjoyed very much by people all over the world. (c) At present, cricket is more popular than most other games in our country. (d) It is a very costly game but young men and children get a great deal of delight playing it.  (e) Alas! The performance of Bangladesh cricket team is not up to the mark.

25. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

(a)Robert Frost lives in a small apartment in the capital city Toronto.  (Complex). (b) His wife Catherine loves gardening.(Negative). (c)Toronto is one of the most expensive cities of the world (Positive). His relatives often come to stay with him. (d)They don’t realize the high cost of living in Toronto.(Interrogative).(e)However, he loves his relatives a great deal.(Passive).

Answer: a) In the capital city Toronto Robert Frost lives in an apartment which is small.(b)His wife Catherine is not without the love of gardening.(c)Very few cities of the world are as expensive as Toronto. (d)Do they realize the high cost of living in Toronto? (e)However, his relatives are loved a great deal by him.

26. Read the following passage and transform the underlined sentences as directed in brackets.

The name of our motherland is Bangladesh. It is a land of rivers. (a) The Jamuna is one of the biggest rivers in Bangladesh.(Comparative) (b)When it is summer, it becomes emaciated.(Simple)(c)During the rainy season, it assumes a terrible shape. (complex) (d)Everybody knows it. (Interrogative) (e)Tourists from home and abroad visit its shore.(Passive)

  Ans (a)The Jamuna is bigger than most other rivers in Bangladesh. (b)It becomes emaciated  in summer.(c)When it is rainy season , it assumes a terrible shape.(d)Who does not know it?(e)Its shore is visited by tourists from home and abroad.

27. Transform the following sentences as directed

(a) Pahela Baisakh is undoubtedly the most celebrated festival in Bangladesh (Complex). (b) It is the day of the year when the roads get so jam packed.(Simple).(c)Almost everyone enjoys the day in his own way. (Passive). (d) Although I hate gathering, I enjoy activities of the flood of massive this day .(Compound). (e) How enthusiastic the people look on this day. (Assertive).

Answer: (a) It is Pahela Baisakh which is undoubtedly the most celebrated festival in Bangladesh. (b) On this day of the year the roads get so jam-packed. (c) The day is enjoyed by almost everyone in his own way. (d) I hate gathering but I enjoy activities of the flood of masses this day. (e) The people look very enthusiastic on this day.

Rules of Right form of verb for JSC/SSC/HSC Exam

Right form of verbs

ইংরেজি দ্বিতীয় পত্রের এ অংশে clueসহ কিংবা clue ব্যতীত ৫টি শূন্যস্থান সংবলিত একটি passage দেওয়া থাকবে।
তোমাদের number, person, tense ও voice অনুসারে verb-এর সঠিক রূপ ব্যবহার করে passageটি সম্পূর্ণ করতে হবে। এ ধরনের শূন্যস্থান পূরণের জন্য তোমাদের verb-এর সঠিক ব্যবহার জানা অত্যাবশ্যক। আর এ জন্য verb, tense, number ও voice-এ পূর্ণ দক্ষতা অর্জনের কোনো বিকল্প নেই। এ ছাড়া পর্যাপ্ত পরিমাণে conjugation of verbs মুখস্থ করতে হবে। verb-এর সঠিক ব্যবহারের স্বার্থে verb অনুসারে অনেক নিয়ম উপস্থাপন করেছি, যাতে নিয়মগুলো তোমরা সহজেই আয়ত্ত করে নিতে পারো।
Rule-১:
Subject 3rd person singular number হলে present indefinite tense-এ মূল verb-এর সঙ্গে s বা es যোগ হবে। অন্য person বা plural number হলে মূল verb-এর সঙ্গে s বা es সংযুক্ত হবে না।
Example
a. Rina (eat)  rice.
Ans. Rina eats rice.
b. She (change)  it.
Ans. She changes it.
c. Mitu (sing)  a song.
Ans. Mitu sings a song.
d. Our solar system (consist)  of nine planets.
Ans. Our solar system consists of nine planets.
e. All animals (need) water.
Ans. All animals needs water.
Exercise for practice
a. A student (buy) a lot of books.
b. The girl (dance) on the stage.
c. He (dislike)  to smoke.
d. Bangladesh (need) skilled manpower.
e. 1971 (bring) a new era for us.
f. A brave man (deserve) the fair.
g. An idle man (ruin) his life.
h. My mother (look) after our family.
i. He (write) a good hand.
j. He (appear) to be honest.
Rule-2:
Universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য), habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কর্ম), historical event (ঐতিহাসিক ঘটনা) বোঝালে present indefinite tense হবে। একে ‘Universal present tense’ও বলে।
Example
a. The sun (rise) in the East.
Ans. The sun rises in the East.
b. The earth (move) round the sun.
Ans. The earth moves round the sun.
c. Day (come) after night.
Ans. Day comes after night.
d. The man (to smoke) like a chain smoker.
Ans. The man smokes like a chain smoker.
Exercise for practice
a. A piousman (get)  peace.
b. Darkness (symbolize)  sin.
c. Ice (float)  on water.
d. The moon (appear)  at night.
e. My father (to take)  exercise regularly.
Rule-3: বাক্যে ব্র্যাকেটের মধ্যে যদি Be verb থাকে, তবে Be verbটি Subject-এর Number, Person ও বাক্যের Tense অনুযায়ী am, is, are/was, were হয়। তবে বাক্যের Subject singular হলে বাক্যের verbটিও singular হবে, আর বাক্যের subjectটি plural হলে verbটিও plural হবে।
Example
a. The virtuous (b)  blessed.
Ans. The virtuous are blessed.
b. The rich (be)  not always happy.
Ans. The rich are not always happy.
c. There (be)  two people on the board. Ans. There were two people on the board.
d. He (be)  a doctor but now he is no more. Ans. He was a doctor but now he is no more.
e. Water (be) life. Ans.: Water is life.
বি.দ্র.: subjectটি গাণিতিক সংখ্যা হলে (unit) subject-এর পরের verbটি singular হয়।
Example
Eighty miles (be) a long distance.
Ans.: Eighty miles is a long distance.
Exercise for practice
a. Bees (be)  industrious.
b. There (be)  a book on the table.
c. They (be)  in the Heaven.
d. Sixty cents of it (be)  in pennies.
e. There (be)  a big tree in our village.
Rule 4: একটি simple sentence-এ দুটি main verb থাকলে পরেরটির সাথে ing যোগ হবে। কিছু নির্দিষ্ট verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত করতে হবে।
Example
a. I heard him (to say)  this
Ans.: I heard him saying this.
b. He has finished (to read)  the book.
Ans.: He has finished reading the book.
c. I saw Jerry (go)  up over the hill
Ans.: I saw Jerry going up over the hill.
d. My teacher stopped me (say)  so.
Ans.: My teacher stopped me saying so.
e. The old sailor watched the people (walk)  past him.
Ans.: The old sailor watched the people walking past him.
Exercise for practice
a. The girl came to me (dance)  .
b. Jerry saw the authoress (write)  something
c. I heart my mother (call)  me.
d. The children came to me (run)  .
e. The old sailor saw the water snake (swim)  round the ship.
Rule 5: Had better, had rather, would better. would rather, must, need, dare, secondary auxiliary বা modal verb-এর পর নিয়ম অনুযায়ী মূল verb-এর present form হয় এবং verbটির আগে to থাকলে to উঠে যায়।
Example
a. You had better (to go)  home.
Ans.: You had better go home.
b. I will not let you (to enter)  the class room.
Ans.: I will not let you enter the class room.
c. We must (to obey)  our parents.
Ans.: We must obey our parents.
d. I need not (to go)  there.
Ans.: I need not go there.
e. How (to dare)  you speak with me?
Ans.: How dare you speak with me?
Exercise for practice
a. John would rather (to study)  to night.
b. I had rather (to die)  than beg.
c. The authors dare not (to drive)  the car.
d. They had better (to stop) arguing.
e. Roberto would rather not (to be)  here.
Rule 6: Just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently ইত্যাদি থাকলে present perfect tense হবে।
Example: a. He (go)  out just now.
Ans.: He has gone out just now.
b. The train just (reach)  the station.
Ans.: The train has just reached the station.
c. You ever (be)  to Dhaka?
Ans.: Have you ever been to Dhaka?
d. Lately he (write) — a grammar book.
Ans. Lately he has written a grammar book.
e. He already (complete) — MA.
Ans. He has already completed MA.
Exercise for practice
a. We (buy) — a television set just now.
b. You ever (see) — a pier glass in an $ 8 flat?
c. Recently they (shift) — to a new flat.
d. Lately he (get) — married.
Rule-7: অতীত নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase; যেমন: ago, long since, last, before, yesterday ইত্যাদি থাকলে verb-এর past indefinite tense হবে।
Example: a. He (leave) — home last night.
Ans. He left home last night.
b. A cyclone (break) — out last night.
Ans. A cyclone broke out last night.
c. Before Christ he (preach) — Islam.
Ans. Before Christ he preached Islam.
d. Ten years ago I (live) — in Paris.
Ans. Ten years ago I lived in Paris.
e. I (see) — you long since.
Ans. I saw you long since.
Exercise for practice
a. Tanin (write) — thesis many years ago.
b. I not (see) — him since last Monday.
c. He (buy) — a piece of land before one year.
Rule 8: As well as, with, accompanied with, along with, together with, in addition to ইত্যাদি দ্বারা দুটি subject যুক্ত হলে প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে থাকে।
Example: a. Becon as well as Shakespeare (be)  dead.
Ans. : Becon as well as Shakespeare was dead.
b. My sister accompanied with Zilan will (to have)  a lest tomorrow.
Ans.: My sister accompanied with Zilan will have a lest tomorrow.
c. I with my brother (be)  present there.
Ans. : I with my brother was present there.
d. They together with me (to help) the poor.
Ans.: They together with me help the poor.
e. Honest in addition to hard working (to win)  the race.
Ans.: Honest in addition to hard working wins the race.
Exercise for practice
a. Della as well as Jim (to have) — morality.
b. I in addition to his support (work) — always.
c. She accompanied with her brother (go) — shopping everyday.
Rule-8: As well as, with, accompanied with, along with, together with, in addition to ইত্যাদি দিয়ে দুটি subject যুক্ত হলে প্রথম subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
Example: a. Becon as well as Shakespeare (be) — dead.
Ans. Becon as well as Shakespeare was dead.
b. My sister accompanied with Zilan will (to have) — a test tomorrow.
Ans. My sister accompanied with Zilan will have a test tomorrow.
c. In with my brother (be) — Present there.
d. They together with me (to help) — the poor.
Ans. They together with me help the poor.
e. Honesty in addition to hard working (to win) — the race.
Ans. Honesty in addition to hard working wins the race.
Exercise for practice
a. Della as well as Jim (to have) — morality.
b. I in addition to his support (work) — always
c. She accompanied with her brother (go) — shopping everyday. d. Mother together with father (deposit) — money for their child.
e. Nisat as well as her teacher (be) — going to Dhaka.
Rule-9: Before-এর আগে past perfect tense এবং পরে past indefinit tense হবে। আর after-এর আগে past indefinit এবং পরে past perfect tense হবে।
Example:
a. The patient (die) — before the doctor came.
Ans. The patient had died before the doctor come.
b. The patient died after the doctor (come) —.
Ans. The patient died after the doctor had come.
c. They arrived here after you (leave) —.
Ans. They arrived here after you had left.
d. We reached home after it (start) — to raining.
Ans. We reached home after it had started to raining.
e. The bell rang after I (reach) — school.
Ans. The bell rang after I had reached school.
Exercise for practice
a. The students stood up after the teacher (enter) — the room.
b. The boy had reached the school before the bell (ring) —.
c. I went to Dhaka after I (hear) — the news.
d. He went to Cox’s Bazar after his mother (Permit) — him.
e. The patient had become well before the doctor (come) —.
Right form of verb
   Rule-10: As if, as though ইত্যাদির আগে present tense হলে পরে past indefinite হবে এবং আগে past indefinite tense হলে পরে past perfect tense হবে।
Example
a. He talks as if he (to be) — a leader.
Ans. He talks as if he was a leader.
b. She proceeded as though I (not speak) —.
Ans. She proceeded as though I had not spoken.
c. He behaves as if he (do) — everything.
Ans. He behaves as if he did everything.
d. He acted as though he (know) — all.
Ans. He acted as though he had known all.
Exercise for practice
a. They talked as though they (to be) — afraid of.
b. She behaves as if he (speak) — the truth.
c. The student behaved as though he (to be) — sick.
Rule-11: Point of time (নির্দিষ্ট সময়) বোঝালে since এবং period of time (অনির্দিষ্ট সময়) বোঝালে for বসে। এ ক্ষেত্রে present perfect continuous tense হবে।
Example
a. He (read) — the book for two hours.
Ans. He has been reading the book for two hours.
b. It (rain) — since morning.
Ans. It has been raining since morning.
c. We (play) — for an hour.
Ans. we have been playing for an hour.
d. Mr. Kamal (live) — in Dhaka since 1995.
Ans. Mr. Kamal has been living in Dhaka since 1995.
Exercise for practice
a. Robin (try) — to open the box since morning.
b. Polly (practice) — dancing for two days.
c. I (write) — this grammar book since Friday last.
Rule-12: Main clouse-এর vervটি past tense-এর হলে এবং পরের অংশে next-র পরে day, weak, month, year প্রভৃতির উল্লেখ থাকলে ওই অংশে would বসে এবং ব্রাকেটের verbটির present form হয়।
Example
a. Shimol said that he (buy) — a computer the next day. Ans. Shimol said that he would buy a computer the next day.
b. I told them that I (go) — there.
Ans. I told them that I would go there.
c. Sumi said that she (do) — better.
Ans. Sumi said that she would do better.
d. I told him that they (resign) — next day.
Ans. I told him that they would resign next day.
Exercise for practice
a. She assured that she (help) — me.
b. We talked that we (solve) — the problem.
c. Nila discussed that she (take) — it.





32. To ব্যাতিত preposition-এর পরের verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
যেমন: He is now engaged in (read).
Ans.: He is now engaged in reading.
One can gather knowledge by (travel).
Ans.: One can gather knowledge by traveling.
33. Can not help, could not help, look forward to, with a view to, get used to, mind ইত্যাদির পরে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
যেমন: He came to Dhaka with a view to (find) a job.
Ans.: He came to Dhaka with a view to finding a job.
I cannot help (laugh).
Ans.: I cannot help laughing.
34. কোনো sentence-এর শুরুতে subject-এর স্থানে verb থাকলে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়।
যেমন: (To swim) is a good exercise.
Ans.: Swimming is a good exercise.
(To speak) is an art.
Ans.: Speaking is an art.
35. If-যুক্ত clause-এর প্রথমটিতে subject-এর পর were থাকলে দ্বিতীয় অংশে subject-এর পরে would/could/ might বসে এবং verb-এর Present from বসে। আবার, would have/could have/would have-ও বসতে পারে। সে ক্ষেত্রে verb-এর Past participle form বসে।
যেমন: If I were an artist, I (draw) a nice picture.
Ans: If I were a artist, I would draw a nice picture.
If I were a billionaire, I (establish) a hospital for the poor.
Ans.: If I were a billionaire, I would establish a hospital for the poor.
36. Had-এর পরে subject এবং verb-এর Past participle থাকলে পরবর্তী clause-এর subject-এর পরে would have/could have/might have + verb-এর Past participle form বসে।
যেমন: Had I been a teacher, I (talk) the real story to my students.
Ans.: Had I been a teacher, I would have talked the real story to my students.

Practice : Affirmative to Negative sentence for SSC/ HSC Exam

Affirmative Sentence	Negative Sentences
A computer is a blessing earth.	A computer is nothing but a blessing on earth.
A frugal man dislikes spending money without reasons.	A frugal man does not like to spend money without reasons.
A good student should be conscious of politics.	A good student should not be unconscious of politics.
A great man like him is very rare.	A great man like him is not always seen
A healthy man is an asset to his family.	A healthy man is not a liability to his family.
A life with an assignment is an actual life.	A life without an assignment is not  an actual life.
A man who leads an idle life brings misery for his life.	A man who leads an idle life does not bring prosperity for his life.
A mother always remains with her child.	A mother never discards her child.
A spinster stopped before him.	A young woman who was not married stopped before him.
A tea stall is crowded place.	A tea stall is not an isolated place.
A train journey is very enjoyable.	A train journey is not boring.
All men must die.	All men cannot but die./ None can avoid death.
All people of Barguna respect him.	There are no people of Barguna who do not respect him.
Always be honest in your way of life.	Never be dishonest in your way of life.
An angry man causes of troubles.	An angry man causes nothing but a lot of troubles.
An industrious boy goes a long way in life.	An industrious boy doesn’t lag behind in life.
An unhealthy man is only a liability to his family.	An unhealthy man is nothing but a liability to his family.
Androcles was a kind man.	Androcles was not an unkind man
Anger is only a vice.	Anger is nothing but a vice.
As man is curious, he will try to invent new things.	As man is not uninterested, he will try to invent new things.
As soon as he saw the police, he ran away.	No sooner had he seen the police than he ran away
As soon as his school breaks up, he returns home.	No sooner had his school breaks up, he returns to his home.
As soon as I reached there, my friend received me cordially.	No sooner had I reached there my friend received me cordially.
At first glance the questions may seem tough.	At first glance the questions may not seen easy.
Bangladesh is a small country.	Bangladesh is not a big country.
Bangladesh is a test playing country, but its standard is very low.	Bangladesh is a test playing country but its standard is not high.
Bangladesh is making progress faster than much country.	Such countries are not making progress as fast as Bangladesh.
Bees only live in a hive.	Bees cannot live without a hive.
But at last God took pity on him	But at last God did not take revenge on him.
But he is always active.	But he is not attentive at all.
But money is essential in our life.	But money is not inessential in our life.
But the farmer was dishonest enough to have all the eggs in a day.	The farmer was not honest enough not to have all the eggs in a day.
But today many of them lead a very miserable life.	But today many of them do not lead a comfortable life at all.

By reading books, we can enrich our minds.	Without reading books, we cannot enrich our minds.
By working hard they can remove their condition.	Without working hard, they cannot remove their condition.
Cox’s Bazer sea beach is a beautiful place.	Cox’s Bazer sea beach is not a dull place.
Cricket is a very exciting game.	Cricket is not a dull game at all.
Day to day life in Dhaka is expensive.	Day to day life in Dhaka is not cheap./ Day to day life in city is not inexpensive/cheap.
Diamond is a precious metal.	Diamond is not a cheap metal.
During the rainy season, it assumes a terrible shape.	During rainy season it does remain calm.
E-mail is a latest messing system.	E-mail is not an oldest messing system.
E-mail is used for important purposes.	E-mail is not used for unimportant purposes.
Every building has iron.	There is no building without iron.
Every living thing needs pure air.	There is no living thing but needs pure air.
Every nation can prosper giving importance of education.	No nation can prosper neglecting education.
Every patriot works sincerely and honestly in normal course of life.	There is no patriot but works sincerely and honestly in normal course of life.
Every student is helped by our teachers.	There is no student who is not helped by our teachers
Every student needs computer.	There is no student but needs computer.
Every woman likes it.	There is no woman but likes it.
Everybody admires of him.	Nobody speaks ill of him.
Everybody attends a Baishakhi Mela.	There is nobody but attends a Baishakhi Mella.
Everybody believes that education is the back bone of a nation.	Everybody doesn’t disregard that education is the back bone of nation.
Everybody dislikes him	Nobody likes him.
Everybody in our village loves him.	Nobody in our village hates him.
Everybody in our village loves him.	Nobody in our village hates him.
Everybody in the school likes her.	Nobody in the class dislikes her.
Everybody knows about the Royal Bengal Tigers of the Sundarbans.	Who does not know about the Royal Bengal Tigers of the Sundarbans.?
Everybody learns many things by watching television	There is nobody but learns many things by watching television.
Everybody likes his magic spell.	Nobody dislikes his magic spell.
Everybody loves him.	Nobody hates him.
Everybody must be conscious of his health.	Everybody cannot but be conscious of his health.
Everybody needs pure air.	There is nobody but needs pure air.
Everybody supported the freedom fighters.	There is nobody but supported the freedom fighters.
Everybody works hard to gain his object.	There is nobody but works hard to gain his object.
Everyone can prosper in life with industry.	None can prosper in life without industry.
Everyone lives in society	There is no one but lives in society.
Far off places have come closer for it.	Far off places have not become far for it.
Farmers are living in the village.	Farmers are not living in the town.
Feroza came of a poor family.	Feroza did not come of a rich family.

Fresh air is necessary for existence	Fresh air is not unnecessary for existence.
Frugality is a good habit.	Frugality is not a bad habit.
Government of Bangladesh must think seriously for faciliting the access to internet.	Government of Bangladesh cannot but think seriously for faciliting the access to internet.
Haji Mohammad Mushin was a very kind man.	Hazi Mohammad Mushin was not an unkind man at all.
Hamidur has some good friends.	Hamidur has not many bad friends.
Happiness is a psychological thing.	Happiness is nothing but a psychological thing.
Hazi Mohammad Muhsin was a kind man.	Hazi Muhammad Musin was not an unkind man.
He always eats only one thing.	He never eats more than one thing.
He always gets up early.	He never gets up late.
He and his family members always live in wants.	He and his family members never live without wants.
He did not marry.	He was married.
He disagreed his wife’s advice.	He did not follow his wife’s advice.
He had only an old mansion.	He had nothing but an old mansion.
He had to decide to teach the English lesson.	He could not but decide to teach the English a lesson.
He had to feel pity for the lion.	He could but feel pity for the lion.
He had to struggle against the English.	He could not but struggle against the English.
He has some pieces of land.	He has not many pieces of land.
He is a complicated man.	He is not an easy going man.
He is a man of high profile.	He is not a man of low profile.
He is a rare talent.	He is not a usual talent.
He is a regular student of class Ten.	He is not an irregular student of class Ten.
He is a regular student.	He is not an irregular student.
He is always dependent on his employer.	He is never independent without his employer.
He is always punctual to attend his classes.	He is never late to attend his classes.
He is both a poet and a freedom fighter.	He is not only a poet but also a freedom fighter.
He is honest and sincere	He is not dishonest and insincere.
He is only 14 years old.	He is not more than 14 years old.
He is sincere to his duties.	He is not insincere to his duties.
He is strong and active.	He is not weak and inactive.
He is very active.	He is not a little active.
He is very attentive to his studies.	He is not inattentive to his studies.
He is very competent in his subject.	He is not all in competent in his subject.
He keeps good company.	He does not keep bad company.
He liked sea.	He did not dislike sea.
He lived in a simple life and took little food.	He did live a luxurious life and take much food.
He lives in a slum/He lives in anything but a building.	He does not live in a building.
He loves his relatives.	He doesn’t hate his relatives.

He passed his early life in sorrows.	He did not pass his early life in happiness.
He relies only on his private teacher.	He relies none but on his private teacher.
He showed rudeness to the orphan boy.	He did not show kindness to the orphan boy.
He stopped for a short time at Agra and Dhelhi.	He did not stop for a long time at Agra and Delhi.
He walks a mile every morning.	He walks no less than a mile every morning.
He was a kind hearted man.	He was not a cruel man.
He was a liar.	He was not truthful.
He was a wise man.	He was not a fool.
He was born in an affluent family.	He was not born in poor family.
He was born in an educated family.	He was not born in an uneducated family.
He was in a gorgeous dress.	He was not in a poor dress.
He was kind	He was not cruel.
He was unmarried.	He did not marry.
Her father is a poor farmer.	Her father is not a rich farmer.
Her parents liked her very much.	Her parents did not dislike her at all.
His contribution to Bengali literature is incomparable.	His contribution to Bengali literature is not comparable
His practical works were full of patriotism and optimism.	His practical works were not out of patriotism and optimism.
His wife loves gardening	His wife does not hate gardening
Honesty is always rewarded.	Honesty is never unrewarded.
I love my country.	I cannot but loves my country.
I want to be a healthy man.	I do not want to be sick.
I was very glad to see the sea beach.	I was not very unhappy to see the sea beach.
I will always remember this day.	I will never forget this day.
Ibrahim bin Adham was a powerful king.	Ibrahim bin Adham was not a weak king.
If we are honest in using it the problem can be solve.	If we are not honest in using in the problem cannot be solved.
In the morning the air is fresh.	In the morning the air is polluted.
In winter it remains idle.	In winter it does not remain active.
In winter the weather is so cold for them to live in the north	In winter the weather is so cold that they cannot  live in the north
It begets only the worst.	It begets nothing but the worst.
It gives birth to only one calf at a time.	It does not give birth to more than one calf at a time.
It has a fine flower.	It has not an ugly flower of its own.
It has both charm and commercial value.	It has not only charm but also commercial value.
It is a costly item.	It is not a cheap item.
It is a public place.	It is not a private place.
It is a small village.	It is not a big village.
It is a speedy mode of communication.	It is not a slow mode of communication.
It is a very heavy metal.	It is not a light metal.

It is an incomparable creation.	It is not a comparable creation.
It is an inhuman act.	It is not a human act.
It is an ugly bird.	It is not a beautiful bird.
It is as fleshy as juicy.	It is not only fleshy but also juicy.
It is easy to operate.	It is not very hard to operate.
It is ferocious.	It is not feeble.
It is good for health.	It is not good for health.
It is in front of our kitchen.	It is not behind our kitchen.
It is not expensive	It is inexpensive
It is only found in the Sundarbans.	It is found nowhere but in the Sundarbans.
It is too poor to be imagined.	It is too poor that it cannot be imagined.
It is true that some dishonest traders are responsible for price hike.	It is untrue that some dishonest traders are responsible for price hike.
It lives together.	It does not live alone.
It looks ugly	It doesn’t look beautiful.
It looks very ugly.	It does not look pretty at all.
It only lives in a hive.	It lives nowhere but a hive.
It saves both time and energy.	It saves not only time but also energy.
It was a hot summer day.	It was not a cold summer day.
It was dark around.	There was no light all around.
Its majesty is an incomparable to anything.	Its majesty is not comparable to anything.
Its residents are diligent	Its residents are not idle.
Life is the sum total of moment.	Life is nothing but the sum total of moment.
Many people like foreign food.	Many people do not hate foreign food.
Meena felt very disappointed.	Meena did not feel good at all.
Mithu was displeased with this.	Mithu was not pleased with this.
Most of the drivers of our country are illiterate.	Most of the drivers of our country are not literate.
Most of the people are poor.	Most of the people are not rich.
Neela became bored.	Neela did not become happy.
Now the number of Royal Bengal tiger is decreasing.	Now the number of Royal Bengal Tiger is decreasing.
Once upon a time there lived a poor farmer.	Once upon a time there lived a farmer who was not rich.
One day she thought Solomons wisdom should get untested.	One day she thought Solomons wisdom should not remain untested.
One day the king asked her an unusual question.	One day the king did not ask her an unusual question.
Only an emotionally balanced person keeps it under control.	None but an emotionally balanced person keep it under control.
Only education gives us the light of knowledge.	Nothing but education gives us the light of knowledge.
Only man is responsible for this pollution.	None but man is responsible for this pollution.
Only poverty is responsible for this.	Nothing but poverty is responsible for this.

Only the brave deserve the fair.	None but the brave deserve the fair.
Only the brave freedom fighters went to the battle field.	None but the brave freedom fighters went valiant fighters.
Only the meritorious students can get chance to study here.	None but the meritorious students can get chance to study here.
Only the soup was tasty.	Nothing but the soup was tasty.
Our government is active to make it more attractive.	Our government is not inactive to make it more attractive.
Our government is active to make it more attractive.	Our government is not inactive to make it more attractive.
Our victory day is a memorable day.	Our victory is not a forgettable day.
Our victory day is a memorable day.	Our victory day is not a forgettable day.
Peace and prosperity is impossible without being industrious	Peace and prosperity is not possible without being industrious.
People in general are fond of glittering things.	People in general do not dislike for glittering things.
People living below the poverty line lead an uncomfortable life.	People living below the poverty line do not lead a uncomfortable life.
People look very cheerful.	People do not look sad at all.
People must observe the day.	People cannot but observe the day.
People who live in plenty sometimes eat the right kind of food.	People who live in plenty do not always eat the right kind of food.
Polythene is a popular carrying bag.	Polythene is not an unpopular carrying bag.
Rakib’s father is as rich as a king.	Rakib’s father is not less rich than a king.
Road accidents are a curse.	Road accidents are not a blessing.
Robert Bruce was both a good ruler and a brave warier.	Robert Bruce was not only a good ruler but also a brave warier.
Romeo was a famous lover.	Romeo was not an infamous lover.
Ruplal lived in a small village.	Ruplal did not live in a big village.
Shahajan,the Mughal Emperor,built it.	None but Shahajan,the Mughal Emperor,built it.
She always followed the right path.	She never followed the wrong path.
She had to take care of me.	She could not but take care of me.
She has only one daughter.	She has not more than one daughter.
She is the only darling child of nature.	She is none but the darling child of nature.
She talks very slowly.	She dies not talk fast at all.
She was an extraordinary girl.	She was not an ordinary girl.
She was so much pleased to remember our first acquaintance.	She was not so much displeased to remember our first acquaintance.
Smoking costs more money.	Smoking does not cost less money.
Smoking is harmful for our health.	Smoking is not useful for our health.
So everybody must be conscious of his health.	Everybody cannot but be conscious of his health.
So we should be emotionally balanced.	So we should not be emotionally imbalanced.
Stephen Hawking was born in an educated family.	Stephen Hawking was not born in an un educated family.
Suddenly the fox found a big pitcher.	Suddenly the fox found nothing but a big pitcher.
The causes of traffic jam are many.	The causes of traffic jam are not few.

The Chinese are very active.	The Chinese are not idle.
The cook told him that the duck has one leg only	The cook told him that the duck had not more than one leg.
The farmers are poor.	The farmers are not rich.
The first day of my school was not very interesting.	The first day of my school was not very gloomy.
The fish sellers are very clever.	The fish sellers are not foolish.
The government has to take necessary steps to eradicate illiteracy.	The government cannot but help taking steps to eradicate illiteracy.
The great man of the world never told a lie.	The great men of the world never told a lie.
The great men of the world always spoke the truth.	The great men of the world never told a lie.
The house is very spacious.	The house is not congested.
The lack of knowledge of nutrition is the cause of malnutrition.	Nothing but the lack of knowledge of nutrition is the cause of malnutrition.
The literary rate in Bangladesh is very poor.	So the literacy rate in Bangladesh is not rich at all.
The number is increasing	The number is not decreasing.
The number of Royal Bengal tiger is decreasing day by day.	The number of Royal Bengal tiger is not increasing day by day.
The people of Cox’s Bazer are very hospitable.	The people of Cox’s Bazer are not inhospitable at all.
The people of Singapore are very well-behaved.	The people of Singapore are not ill mannered.
The persons in the high rank of the society are involved in corruption.	The persons in the high rank of the society are not free from  in corruption
The persons in the high rank of the society are involved in corruption.	The persons in the high rank of the society are not involved in corruption.
The poor lean an unhappy life.	The poor do not lead a happy life.
The practice of knowledge was very limited before the invention of paper.	The practice of knowledge was not at all free before the invention of paper.
The river is very turbulent.	The river is not a calm at all.
The rose is the best of all flowers.	No other flowers are so good as the rose.
The students in the class were happy to see me.	The students in the class were not unhappy to see me.
The teaching staffs of this school are qualified.	His teaching staffs of this school are not disqualified.
The traffic police on duty neglect their duties sincerely.	The traffic police on duty do not perform their duties sincerely.
The villagers were displeased with him.	The villagers were not pleased with him.
The water which is pure is necessary for us.	The water which is not impure is necessary for us.
There are different colour and fragrances.	They are not of same colour and fragrance.
There was a king who was very wise.	There was a king who was not unwise.
There were nine famous wise men in his court.	There were not nine ignorable unwise men in his court.
They are always sincere to their duties.	They are never insincere to their duties.
They are honest and pious.	They are not dishonest and impious.
They are less active in spring than in winter.	They are not as active in winter as they are in spring.
They are only people whose dedication is beyond question.	They are only people whose dedication cannot be called in question.
They are only people whose dedication is beyond question.	They are only people whose dedication cannot be called in question.

They are willing to marry their two daughters off.	They are not unwilling to marry their two daughters off.
They fade soon and lose their beauty.	They do not grow pale and retain their beauty.
They follow their lifestyle.	They do not follow others lifestyle.
They hardly care for the traffic rules.	Most often they don’t care for the traffic rules.
They only curse their fate.	They curse nothing but their fate.
They reached there in time.	They reached there late.
They stay here for a long time.	They don’t stay here for a short time.
This is a very bad practice in our society.	This is not a good practice at all in our society.
Those who are idle, always lag behind.	Those who are idle can never go forward.
Though he has intellect and conscience, he sometimes can do wrong.	Though he has intellect and conscience, he sometimes cannot but do wrong.
Thus they cheat many customers off and on.	Thus they don’t cheat many customers off and on.
Today corruption is a very familiar term in Bangladesh.	Today corruption is not an unfamiliar term in Bangladesh.
Tree plantation is a noble task.	Tree plantation is not a common task.
Trees play an important role.	Trees do not play an unimportant role.
Walking in the morning is a good health.	Walking in the morning is not a bad habit.
Water is a very important element of environment.	Water is not a very unimportant element of environment.
We must depend on it.	We cannot but depend on it.
We must do it.	We must not leave it undone.
We must educate our girls to forward the nation	We cannot but educate our girls to forward the nation.
We must love everyone.	We cannot but love everyone.
We must plant trees if we want to maintain ecological balance of our environment.	We cannot but plant trees if we want to maintain ecological balance of our environment.
We must protect them.	We cannot but protect them.
We must read book to gain knowledge.	We cannot but read books to gain knowledge.
We must read many books other than text books.	We cannot but read many books other than text books.
We must realize the fact and come forward against corruption.	We cannot but realize the fact and come forward against corruption.
We should be emotionally balanced.	We should not be emotionally imbalanced.
We should be frugal.	W should not be prodigal.
We should maintain social order.	We should not disturb social order.
We should remember the fact that patriotism does not manifest itself only the war front or heroic deeds.	We should not forget the fact that patriotism does not manifest itself only the war front or heroic deeds.
We usually see cuckoo far from the human habits.	We don’t usually see cuckoo near to the human habits.
When his master sat down to eat he found one of the legs.	When his master sat down to eat he could not find one of the legs.
When I reached there, my friend received me warmly.	When I reached there, my friend didn’t receive me coldly.
You must know English to enter the world of knowledge.	You cannot but know English to enter the world of knowledge.

Rules of passage Narration for SSC Examination

Direct speech  Gi GKwU  passage Narration –G  Assertive, Interrogative, Exclamatory, Imperative I Optative – GB cuvPSentence B _vK‡Z cv‡i| GB sentence - ¸‡jvi  Indirect Narration Kivi †h wbqg, Passage Narration Kivi wbqg I ZvB| ïay KZK¸‡jv Linking words(ms‡hvM Kvix kã) Passage Narration Gi †ÿ‡Î e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| wb‡gœ KZK¸‡jv wbqg †`qv njt.

01.Reporting verb Ges Zvi subject ev object bv _vK‡j-

    (a)subject wnmv‡e The Speaker.

   (b)Object wnmv‡e The person Spoken to

   (c) Reporting verb wnmv‡e Reported Speech Abymv‡i- tell, ask, request, order, command, propose, wish, pray,  bid, thank BZ¨vw` Avb‡Z n‡e| †hgb- 

Direct: ‘Do it”

Indirect: The  speaker told the person spoken to do it.

02 Reporting verb Uv gv‡S ev †k‡l _vK‡jt

Indirect Kivi mgq Zv‡K sentence Gi ïiæ‡Z wb‡q Avm‡Z nq| †hgb-

Direct: “you look a little bit like my mother” Jerry said to the authoress, specially in the dark by the fire”

Indirect: “Jerry told the authoress that she looked a little bit like his mother specially in the dark by the fire.

03. ‡Kvb e³vi cici GKvw`K Dw³ _vK‡jt

(a) wØZxq Dw³i †ÿ‡Î added

(b) Z„Zxq Dw³i †ÿ‡Î  further added

(c)  PZz_© Dw³i †ÿ‡Î also said

(d)  cÂg Dw³i †ÿ‡Î again said

 wKš‘ 2wU Interrogative cici _vK‡j wØZxqwUi †ÿ‡Î   again/also asked nq|

Direct: He said, “I can chop some wood today. I shall come again tomorrow”

Indirect: He said that he could chop some wood that day. He added that he would come again the next day.

Direct: He said, “What is your name? Where do you live?”

Indirect:  He asked  What my name was. He also asked Where I lived.

04. Reported speech-G  “yes/no” _vK‡jt

Indirect G  Replied in the affirmative/negative + yes/no Gi ci AviI wKQz _vK‡j-

a. Replied in the affirmative /negative that+ evKx Ask/

                                                          and told  that +evKx Ask

b. Subject + c~‡e©i cÖkœ ev‡K¨i mv‡_ m½wZc~b© auxiliary verb em‡e| †hgb-

   Direct: Shima said to Sabina, “Are you going to Chittagong tomorrow?” “yes” said Sabina

  Indirect: Shima asked Sabina if she was going to Chittagong the next day. Sabina replied in the affirmative.

05. Direct speech-G   sir _vK‡j: sir Gi cwie‡Z© respectfully e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|

     Direct: “yes, Sir” She replied, “I have done my duty”

    Indirect : She replied respectfully in the affirmative that she had done her duty.

06. Direct speech-G KvD‡K †Kvb wKQz e‡j  address Kiv n‡jt

      Indirect-G  Reporting verb Gi KZ©vi c~‡e© addressing (N/P) as- friend/brother/sister emv‡Z  nq| †hgb-

      Direct: “Are you hungry, friend?” said the shrewd king.

     Indirect: Addressing them ad friends, the shrewd king asked if they were hungry.

07. Direct speech –G  by Allah/God/Jove/My life _vK‡jt

     Indirect:  Gi ïiæ‡Z swearing by Allah/ God/Jove/My life e‡m| †hgb-

     Direct: By Allah “be replied” I will not leave this house”

    Indirect : Swearing by Allah by replied that he would not leave that house.

08. Inverted comma Gi evB‡I †Kvb  phrase ev clause _vK‡jt

     Direct G Zv AcwiewZ©Z Ae¯’vq ïiæ‡ZB e‡m| †hgb-

 Direct :”Are you brothers?” said the mistress of the house, turning to the dervishes.

Indirect: Turning to the dervishes the mistress of the house asked if they were brothers.

09.Dircet speech-G  Assertive sentence Gi †k‡l cÖkœ‡evaK wPý _vK‡jt

    Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi c~‡e© being surprised wjL‡Z n‡e

    Reporting verb ‡K ask –G cwiewZ©Z Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb-

   Direct: She said to me , “ you have remembered how she looked all these years?

  Indirect: being surprised she asked me if I had remembered how she had looked all those years.

10. Direct speech G thank you _K‡j  Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi subject+ thanked+ reporting verb object e‡m| †hgb-

   Direct : He said to me “Thank you”

   Indirect: He thanked me.

11. Direct speech G “Good bye” _vK‡j indirect  Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi subject+ bade+ object+ good bye e‡m|

       Direct: He said, “Good bye my friends”

       Indirect: He bade his friends good-bye.

12. Direct speech G Good Morning/ Good evening/Good night_vK‡j

      Indirect Kivi mgq Reporting verb Gi subject+ wished+ good evening/ good night /good morning e‡m|

       Direct: I said to him, “Good morning”

      Indirect: I wished him good morning.

13. Direct speech G sentence Gi cÖ_‡g pronoun Ges c‡i  noun _vK‡jt

      Indirect G cÖ_‡g noun emv‡Z nq| †hgb-

     Direct: He said to me, “Believe, I Mr Rana, is quite innocent”

     Indirect: Mr Rana told me to believe that he was quite innocent.

14. Direct speech G Optative sentence G Reporting verb Giciobject _vK‡j indirect G ïay pray  Gi †ÿ‡Î pray for nq| †hgb-

    Direct: Mother said to me ‘May Allah bless you”

    Indirect: Mother prayed for me that Allah might bless me.

15. Direct speech G Exclamatory sentence G  what Ges how _vK‡jIndirect speech G h_vµ‡g Great, very e‡m| †hgb-

   Direct: He said to me, ”What a fool you are”

  Indirect: He exclaimed with sorrow that I was a great fool.

16.Direct speech G Reporting verb  past tense bv n‡qpresent/future n‡j indirect G wbKUeZx Ges `~ieZx© kã cwiewZ©Z nq bv| †hgb-

  Direct: He says, “I am ill now”

  Indirect: He says that he is ill now.

17.Direct G  never _K‡j indirect G not to e‡m| †hgb-

    Direct: He said to me, “Never tell a lie”

    Indirect: He advised me not to tell a lie.

18 .Direct G cÖ¯Ív‡ei c‡I object _vK‡j Indirect  G propose to e‡m

   Direct: He said to me “Let us go to the picnic “

  Indirect:He proposed to me that they should go to the picnic.

19.Direct speech G  we ×viv gvbeRvwZ eySv‡jt Indirect G Zv cwiewZ©Z nq bv| †hgb-

Direct: He said, “We shall all die”

Indirect: He said that we shall all die.

20.We ×viv  hw` e³v I hv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡I ejv nq GB `yBRb‡K eySv‡bv nq Z‡e G‡`I g‡a¨t

        a) GKRb 1^st person n‡j we AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K

b) GKRb 2^nd person n‡j we  cwiewZ©Z n‡q  you nq|

c) GKRb 1^st person Ges 2^nd person bv _vK‡j us cwiewZ©Z n‡q they nq|

I said to old man, “What are you doing?” “I am watching the boys swimming in the pond,” he said. “How happy they are! May Allah bless them.” “Let me sit by you and enjoy the scene.” I said.(Avwg e„ׇjvKwU‡K ejjvg, ÒZzwg wK Ki‡Qv?Ó ÒAvwg evjK‡`i b`x‡Z mvZvi KvUv†`LwQ|Ó‡m ejj| ÒZviv wK myLx!ÓAvj­vn Zv‡`i g½j Ki“Y|Avgv‡K †Zvgvi cv‡k¦© em‡Z `vI Ges `„k¨wU Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z `vI|Ó Avwg ejjvg|)

we‡k­lYt GUv `y R‡bi g‡a¨Kvi msjvc| GKRb e„ׇjvK Ges Avwg|GLvbKvi  evK¨¸wj n‡jvt
What are you doing now?	Interrogative sentence
I am watching the boys swimming in the pond.	Assertive sentence
How happy they are!	Exclamatory sentence
May Allah bless them	Optative sentence
Let me sit by you and enjoy the scene.	Imperative sentence
GLv‡b 1g evK¨ cÖkœKZ©v Avwg Ges Avgvi evK¨wU Interrogative sentence ,wØZxq ev‡K¨wU DËi`vZvi Avi wZwb n‡”Qb GKRb e„&ׇjvK Ges evK¨wU Assertive sentence   G Av‡Q|Z…Zxq evK¨wU wUI e„ׇjvKwUi Ges evK¨wUExclamatory sentence G Av‡Q| PZz_© evK¨wU I e„ׇjvKwUi Ges evK¨wU Optative sentence G Av‡Q| 5g evK¨wU Avgvi  Ges evK¨wU Imperative sentence G Av‡Q| Gevi Avgiv Gme evK¨  ‡K av‡c av‡c Ki‡ev
1g evK¨t Direct Speech: I said to old man, “What are you doing?”  [Reported speech Gi Aš—M©Z Interrogative sentence wU hw`  what ×viv m~wPZ nq, †m †¶‡Î  ‡mLv‡b Dc‡iv³  Interrogative word B e¨eüZ nq|] Structure: Subject+ asked +object + wh+ Reported speech Gi Subject +verb+ evwK Ask    Indirect Speech: I asked the old man what he was doing.
2q evK¨t       Direct Speech: “I am watching the boys swimming in the pond,” he said. Structure: Subject+ replied  +that +Reported speech Gi Subject +verb+ evwK Ask +  Indirect Speech: He replied that he was watching the boys swimming in the pond.
3q evK¨t he said. “How happy they are! Subject +exclaimed+that +reported speech Gi sub +verb (past form) +very +adj.+   -- Indirect Speech: He also exclaimed that they were very happy.
4_© evK¨t  Direct : He said. “May Allah bless them.” Subject+ again +Prayed(Avj­vni bvg _vK‡j)+that  +reported speech Gi  subject +might+ reported speech  + evwK Ask|   Indirect Speech: He again prayed that Allah might bless them.
5g evK¨t Direct : “Let me sit by you and enjoy the scene.” I said Let  Øviv ïi“ AbygwZ †evSv‡j A_©vr letGi ci  us bv _vK‡j t Structure : Subject +told+ object +to + +reported speech Gi  verb + evwK Ask| Indirect Speech: I told the old man to let me sit by him and enjoy the scene.

Answer: I asked the old man what he was doing. He replied that he was watching the boys swimming in the pond. He also exclaimed that they were very happy. He again prayed that Allah might bless them. I requested the old man to let me sit by him and enjoy the scene.

 Now practice for SSC/HSC Examination

 

1.    Sakib said to his English teacher, “Sir, I want to improve my English. How can I do that? Can you help me?” “Don’t worry, I will help you.” said the teacher. “Thank you, sir,” said Sakib. “Give emphasis on all the four skills of language namely listening, speaking , reading and writing,” said the teacher.(mvwKe Zvi Bs‡iRx wk¶K‡K ejj,Òm¨vi,Avwg Bs‡iRx‡Z DbœwZ Ki‡Z PvB| Avwg wKfv‡e GUv Ki‡Z cvwi?ÓAvcwb wK Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib? ÒwPšÍv Ki bv,Avwg †Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ KieÓ wk¶K ej‡jb|ÒAvcbv‡K ab¨ev`,m¨vi,Ó mvwKe ejj|Òfvlvi PviwU `¶Zv we‡kl K‡i †kvbv,ejv,cov I †jLvi Dci †Rvi w`‡e|Ó)

Answer: Sakib respectfully told his English teacher that he wanted to improve his English. He (s)then asked him how he could do that. He (s) further asked if he could help him. The teacher told him not to worry and he would help him. Sakib respectfully thanked him. The teacher advised him to give emphasis on all the four skills of language namely listening, speaking, reading and writing.

2.    “I have missed my plane,” Tareq said to a woman, “What shall I do now?” “Go to the desk marked ‘Enquires’ ‘the woman said. ‘Flight TW 226 has left,’ the man in the inquires,’ said. But your ticket is for flight BA 179. (ÒAvwg Avgvi D‡ovRvnvR †c‡Z e¨_© n‡qwQÓ ZvwiK GK gwnjv‡K ejj, Avwg GLb wK Kie?Ó ÔAbym›avbÕ wPwüZ m&_v‡b hvIÕ gwnjvwU ejj| wegvb wU WvwewjD 226 †Q‡o †M‡Q, AbymÜvb †K‡›`ªi †jvKwU ejj| wKš‘ †Zvgvi wU‡KU n‡”Q d¬vBU we G 179 |)

Ans: Tareq told a woman that he had missed his plan. He then asked her what he should do then. The woman advised him to go to the desk marked ‘Enquiry’ The man in the Enquiry said that flight TW226 had left but his ticket was for flight BA 179.

3.    “How are you ,Today?” I said to Sumon. “I am very nervous for the coming exam,” Sumon replied. “Haven’t you taken enough preparation for this?” I said to him again. “Yes, I have but I am in a fix. Let me read now,” said Sumon. (ÒZzwg †Kgb Av‡Qv? Avwg mygb‡K ejjvg| Avwg Avmbœ cixK&Yv wb‡q wPwšÍZ AvwQ|mygb DËi w`j|Zzwg Gi Rb¨ wK h‡_ó cÖ¯ÍywZ †bqwb|Avwg Zv‡K cybivq ejjvg|Òn¨v,Avwg wb‡qwQ wKš‘ Avwg GLb nZwe¤e /wPwšÍZ eyS‡Z cviwQ bv| GLb Avgv‡K co‡Z `vI|Ó mygb ejj|)

Answer: I asked Sumon how he (S) was that day. Sumon replied that he(S) was very nervous for the coming examination. I again asked him if he (S) had not taken enough preparation for that. Sumon again replied in the affirmative that he had but he was in a fix and requested that he might read then.

4.    The Headmaster said to the boys, “Why are you late today? Remember, punctuality is essential in every walk of life. I think you will not be late on any other day. Go to your class. May Allah bless you.”  (cÖavb  wk¶K evjKwU‡K ejj,Ò †Zvgvi AvR †`ix †Kb? †Zvgvi we`¨vj‡q mgqgZ Avmv DwPr| g‡b †iL, Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU ¯Í‡i mgqvbyewZ©Zv cÖ‡qvRb|Avwg g‡b Kwi Zzwg Ab¨w`b Avi †`ix Ki‡e bv|Zzwg †Zvgvi †kªYx‡Z hvI| Avwg †Zvgvi mvdj¨ Kvgbv Kwi| Avj­vn †Zvgvi g½j Kiƒb|)

Answer: The Headmaster asked the boys why they were late that day. He advised them to remember that punctuality is essential in every walk of life. He hoped that they would not be late on any other day. He then told them to go to their class. He also advised that Allah might bless them.

 

5.    “Don’t mix with bad boys.” My father said to me, “You should read attentively as your examination is knocking at the door.” he said, “No, I don’t keep with  any bad company. I have just asked him if he knows the date of examination.” I replied. (evev Avgv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg Lvivc †Q‡j‡`i mv‡_ wg‡kv bv|Ó Ò †Zvgvi g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ †jLvcov Kiv DwPZ †h‡nZz †Zvgvi cix¶v AwZ wbK‡U|Ó †m ejj| Òbv, Avwg Lvivc m½x‡`i mv‡_ _vwK bv| Avwg †Kej Zv‡K cix¶vi ZvwiL m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †P‡qwQjvg|ÓAvwg DËi w`jvg|

Answer: My father advised me not to mix with bad boys. Then he told me that I should read attentively as my examination was knocking at the door. I did not agree with him and said that I did not keep with any bad company. I had just asked him if he knew the date of examination.

6.     “Will you come to my house tomorrow?” I asked the boy. “We can discuss terms and conditions then”, I said. “I shall be happy to meet you at your house. Thank you so much,” he replied. “I shall try my best to meet you.”  ÒZzwg wK AvMvgxKvj Avgvi evox‡Z Avm‡e?Ó Avwg evjKwU‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg| Ó Avgiv kZv©ejx I aviv¸wj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvwi|Zvici Avwg ejjvg Ò‡Zvgvi evox‡Z mv¶vZ n‡j Avwg Lykx ne| ‡Zvgv‡K  A‡kl ab¨ev`Ó †m DËi w`j|Ò Avwg Avgvi h_vmva¨ †Póv Kie|

Answer: I asked the boy if he would go to my house the next day. Then I told him that we could discuss terms and conditions then. He replied that he would be very happy to meet me at my house. He also thanked me very much. He added that he would try his best to meet me.

7.    “Good Morning, Rupa,” said Sohel. “How much preparation have you taken for SSC Examination?” “A great preparation” She replied. “I must get GPA-5” “Wow, what a lucky girl!” said Sohel. “But my preparation is not so good.” (mycÖfvZ, iƒcvÓ †mv‡nj ejj| Gm,Gm,wm cix¶vi  Rb¨ Zzwg †Kgb cÖ¯‘wZ  wb‡qQ?Ó PgrKvi cÖ¯‘wZÓ †m DËi w`j| Avwg Aek¨B wR wc I-5 cve |Ó wK fvM¨eZx evwjKv! †mv‡nj ejj,Ó ÓwKš‘ Avgvi cÖ¯‘wZ fvj bv |)

Answer: Sohel wished good morning to Rupa. Then he asked her how much preparation she had taken for the S.S.C  examination. She replied that she had taken a great preparation and added that she had to get GPA -5 . Sohel exclaimed with joy that she was a very lucky girl. On the other hand,/Being dissatisfaction , he said that his preparation was not so good.

8.    Returning home my father said to me. “Your progress in studies is very slow. You  always  move about with a group of your friends. Aren’t you idling away your time with them? Can’t you be more serious? Remember if you fail in the examination. I will stop paying your tution fees’.  “I’m sorry. I’ll mend myself.” I replied. (evev evox‡Z wd‡i Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ‡Zvgvi DbœwZi MwZ Lye axi; †Zvgv‡K †Zvgvi eÜz‡`i mv‡_ †`Lv hvq, Zzwg Zv‡`i mv‡_ Ajmfv‡e mgq AwZµg KiQ, Zzwg wK m‡PZb n‡e bv ? g‡b †iL,hw` Zzwg cix¶vq †dj Ki, Zvn‡j Avwg †Zvgvi †jLvcovi LiP eÜ K‡i †`e |Ó ÓAvwg `ytwLZ, Avwg wb‡R‡K ïa‡i wbe,Ó Avwg DËi w`jvg |)

Answer: Returning home my father told me that my progress in studies was very slow. He also said that I  always moved about  with you a group of friends. He again said that I was idling away time with them. He further asked me if I could be more serious. He warned me if I failed in the coming examination, he would stop paying my tuitions fees. I expressed my sorrow and  replied that  I would  mend myself.

9.    “Why don’t you attend my classes regularly?” The teacher said to the student. “You can not expect good results unless you attend classes as I tell you.” “I am sorry, I have offended you.” “ I was ill in those days,” said the student. (Ó Zzwg †Kb †kªYx‡Z wbqwgZ nvwRi nI bv ?Ó wk¶K Qv·K ejj. Óhw` Zzwg we`¨vj‡q nvwRi bv _vK, Zvn‡j Zzwg †Zvgvi cvV wkL‡Z cvi‡e bv | Zywg cix¶vq I fvj Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Ó ÓAvwg `ytwLZ, m¨vi, Avwg fwel‡Z †kªYx‡Z nvwRi _vKe|ÓQvÎwU ejj |)

Answer: The teacher asked the student why he did not attend his classes regularly. The teacher also told that he (s) could not expect good results unless he (s) attended classes as he told him(s).The student courteously replied that he was sorry because he (stu) had offended him (teacher) and said that he had been ill in those days.

10.The boy said to the teacher, “Sir, I shall be much obliged if you will kindly lend me the book you praised highly in the classroom yesterday.” The teacher said, “I am glad to know that you are eager to read this book. You are welcome to any books that you like.”   “Thank you , Sir” said the boy. (evjKwU wk¶K‡K ejj, m¨vi Avwg LyeB AbyMZ _vKe hw` Avcwb AbyMªn K‡i GKwU eB avi †`b †h eBwU m¤ú‡K© Avcwb MZKvj †kªYx‡Z LyeB cÖksmv K‡iwQ‡jb |wk¶K ej‡jb, ÓAvwg LyeB Lykx †h Zzwg GB eBwU co‡Z LyeB AvMÖnx | ‡Zvgv‡K ¯^vMZg Avgvi †h †Kvb eB †bIqvi Rb¨ hv Zzwg cQ›` Ki |)

Answer: The boy respectfully told the teacher that he (boy) would be much obliged if he (teacher) kindly lent him the book he (teacher) had praised highly in the classroom the previous day. The teacher said that he was glad to know that he (boy) was eager to read that book. He added that he (boy) was welcome to any of his (teachers) books. Then the boy respectfully thanked him (teacher).

11.“Don’t you understand what I discuss in the class?” said the teacher. “Yes, Sir but we are afraid of reading English. So we are too weak in English.” replied the students. “Read attentively and you will overcome your fear,” said the teacher. (‡Zvgiv wK eyS‡Z cvi bv Avwg †kªYx‡Z wK Av‡jvPbv Kwi ?Ó wk¶K ej‡jb, n¨v m¨vi , wKš‘ Avgiv Bs‡iRx co‡Z fq cvB | ZvB Avgiv Bs‡iRx‡Z `~ej|Ó QvÎ/QvÎxiv DËi ejj Óg‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †jLvcov Ki Ges †Zvgv‡`i fq `~i Ki‡Z cvi‡e | Ó wk¶K ej‡jb |

Answer: The teacher asked if they didn’t understand what he(T) discussed in the class. The student replied in the affirmative. But they said that they were afraid of reading English that is why they were too weak in English. The teacher advised them to read attentively and  they would overcome their fear.

12.My father looked at me angrily and said to me, “Where have you been so long and why are you wasting your time?” After a moment, he said, “Will you not sit for the S.S.C  examination?” I said, “I went to my friend’s house to borrow an essential book, but he was not at home. So I had to wait for him.” (Avgvi evev ivMvwš^Zfv‡e ZvKv‡jv Ges ejj Ó GZ¶Y †Kv_vq wQ‡j Ges Zzwg †Kb †Zvgvi mgq bó Kwi‡ZQ?Ó wKQy¶b ci †m ejj, ÓZywg wK Gm.Gm . wm cix¶v w`‡e bv|? Avwg ejjvg ÓAvwg GK eÜzi evox‡Z GKwU eB avi Avb‡Z wM‡qwQjvg wKš‘ †m evox‡Z wQj bv| GRb¨ Avwg Zvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡iwQjvg |)

Answer: My father looked at me angrily and asked me where I had been so long and why I was wasting my time. After a moment, he asked if I would not sit for the S.S.C  examination .I replied that I had gone to my friend’s house to borrow an essential book but he had not been at home and so I had to wait for him.

 

13.“Why are putting up the food in your pocket, Sir? Why don’t you eat?” said the noble man. “I am doing the right thing. My dress deserves these rich dishes,” replied Sheikh Saddi. “ I don’t understand what do you mean to say.” Said the noble man ,. “And I’m sorry.”

(ÓRbve, Avcwb Avcbvi Lvevi †Kb c‡K‡U ivL‡Qb?Ó Avcwb †Kb Lv‡”Qb bv ? m¤£všÍ †jvKwU ejj | ÓAvwg mwVK KvRwU KiwQ, GB `vgx Lvevi ¸‡jv GB †cvkv‡Ki Rb¨ gvbvbmB,Ó ‡kL mv`x DËi w`j | ÓAvwg eyS‡Z cviwQ bv Avcwb wK ej‡Z Pv‡”QbÓ   m¤£všÍ †jvKwU ejj, Ó Ges Avwg `ytwLZ |)

Answer: The noble man respectfully asked Sheikh Saddi why he was putting up the food in his pocket and why he did not eat. Sheikh Saddi replied that he was doing the right thing as his dress deserved those rich dishes. The noble man told him that he did not understand what he meant to say. Then he expressed his sorrow.

14.Rashed said to karim. “How are you?” I went to your hostel yesterday, but did not find you. Where did you go?” “I went to the station.” said Karim. “I had to receive my maternal uncle there.”(iv‡k` Kwig‡K ejj,Ó Zzwg †Kgb AvQ? Avwg MZKvj †Zvgvi QvÎvev‡m wM‡qwQjvg wKš‘ †Zvgv‡K cvBwb |Zzwg †Kv_vq wM‡qwQj ? Ó Avwg †÷k‡b wM‡qwQjvgÓ Kwig ejj ,Ó Avgv‡K †mLv‡b Avgvi gvgv‡K Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡Z n‡qwQj |)

Rashed asked Karim how he was. Rashed added that he had gone to the hostel the previous day but had not found him. Rashed again asked Karim where he had gone. Karim replied that he had gone to the station because he had to receive his maternal uncle there.

15.“What’s your programme after the examination?” asked Salam. Karim said, I’ve not yet decided. Can you suggest any? “Let us go on a picnic.” Said Salam. “What an excellent idea! I shall certainly join with you.” said Kamal. (Ócix¶vi ci †Zvgvi Kg©m~Px wK?Ó , mvjvg wRÁvmv Kij| Kvgvj ejj, Ó Avwg GLbI wmØvšÍ †bB wb| Zzwg wK †Kvb civgk© w`‡Z cvi ?Ó ÓPj Avgiv eb‡fvR‡b hvBÓ, mvjvg ejj | wK PgrKvi! Avwg wbwðZfv‡e †Zvgvi mv‡_ †hvM`vb Kie |Ó, Kvgvj ejj |)

Answer: Salam asked Kamal what his programme was after the examination. Karim replied that he had not yet decided. Then Karim asked him (S) if he could suggest any. Salam proposed that they should go on a picnic. Karim exclaimed with joy that it was an excellent idea. He said that he would certainly join with  him.

16.The fruit seller said, “Which fruits do you want to buy? I have apples from Australia, oranges from Darjeeling, grapes from Kashmir.” The customer said, “What fruits of our country do you have?” The seller said, “I have coconut , guava, and Jackfruit.” The customer said, “Give one kg of Guava as it will be substitute of Australian Apples. (GK dj we‡µZv ejj, †Kvb ‡Kvb dj Avcwb wKb‡Z Pvb ?Ó Avgvi Kv‡Q A‡÷wjqvi Av‡cj,`vwR©wjs Gi Kgjv,Kvk¥x‡ii Av½yi Av‡Q | ‡µZv ej‡jb  “†Zvgvi Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wK dj Av‡Q ? we‡µZv ejj, Ó Avgvi Kv‡Q bvwi‡Kj,†cqviv I KvuVvj Av‡Q|Ó †µZv ejj, ÓAvgvi GK †KwR †cqviv `vI †h‡nZz GUv n‡e A‡÷wjqvi Av‡c‡ji weKí |Ó)

Answer: The fruit seller asked the customer which fruits he (c) wanted to buy. He added that he (s) had the apples from Australia, oranges from Darjeeling, grapes from Kashmir. The customer asked him what fruits of their country he had. The seller replied that he had coconut, guava and jackfruit. Then the customer told him (s) to give one kg of guava as it would be the substitute of Australian apples.

 

17.The boy said to the teacher, “Do you think that honesty is the best policy?” “Yes Sir. I think so.” Then learn to be honest from your boyhood.” said the teacher. “Thank you, sir.” said the boy. “May Allah grant you a long life. “said the teacher to the boy. (wk¶K †Q‡jwU‡K ej‡jb, Ó Zzwg wK g‡b Ki †h mZZvB m‡evrK…ó cš’v ?Ó †Q‡jwU ejj, n¨uv m¨vi, Avwg ZvB g‡b KwiÓ|   Ò AZGe †Zvgvi evj¨Kvj †_‡K mr n‡Z †kL |Ó wk¶K ej‡jb | ÒAvcbv‡K ab¨ev`,m¨vi Ó †Q‡jwU ejj| ÒAvj­vn †Zvgvi `xN©Rxwe Kiyb,Ó wk¶K ej‡jb |)

Answer: The teacher asked the boy if he thought that honesty is the best policy. The boy replied in the affirmative and politely said that he thought so. Then the teacher advised him to learn to be honest from his boyhood. The boy thanked his teacher politely. The teacher wished that Allah might grant him a long life.

18. “May I come in, Sir,” “Yes, come in.” “How can I help you?” said the Manager. “I want to open a bank account in your bank.”  said the man. “Can you tell me the process of opening a saving account ?” (‡jvKwU e¨eˉ&&nvcK‡K ejj, ÓAvwg wK wfZ‡i Avm‡Z cvwi,m¨vi ?Ó n¨vu, wfZ‡i Avmyb | Avcwb wK Pvb?Ó e¨eˉ&&nvcK ej‡jb | Ò Avwg Avcbvi e¨vs‡K GKwU e¨vsK wnmve Lyj‡Z PvB |, ‡jvKwU ejj | Ò Avcwb wK Avgv‡K ej‡Z cv‡ib Avwg wKfv‡e GKwU mÂqx wnmve Lyj‡Z cvwi ?Ó )

Answer: The man asked the manager respectfully if he (man) might go in. He (manager) replied in the affirmative and asked him what he (man) wanted. The man replied that he wanted to open a bank account in his (manager) bank. He also asked him (manager) if he could tell him (man) the process of opening a savings account.

19.“What is the time by your watch?” he said. “It is half past nine,” I said. He said, “I want to go to the college. Would you accompany me, Please?” “No, I am sorry,” replied I .(Ò†Zvgvi Nwo‡Z mgq KZ?Ó  †m ejj| Ò mv‡o bqUv Ó, †m ejj, Ò Avwg K‡j‡R †h‡Z PvB | `qv K‡i ,Zzwg Kx Avgvi m‡½ hv‡e ?Ó Óbv,Avwg `ytwLZ,Ó Avwg DËi w`jvg|)

Answer: He asked me what the time was by my watch. I replied that it was half past nine. Then he added that he wanted to go to the college. He also asked me if I would accompany him kindly. I replied in the negative and said that I was sorry.

20.The passer-by stopped me and said, “Sir, can you tell me the way to the nearest inn?” “Yes, I can,” I said. “Go straight about 100 yards and then turn left. You will find it.” “Thank you Sir,” He said. (cw_K Avgv‡K _vgvj Ges wRÁvmv Kij, Ò m¨vi Avgv‡K wbKUZg mivB Lvbvi c_wU ej‡Z cv‡ib ?Ó n¨vu Avwg ej‡Z cvwi,Ó Avwg  ejjvg | ‡mvRv cÖvq 100 MR hvb Ges ev‡g Nyi‡eb | Avcwb GwU cv‡eb |Ó Ò Avcbv‡K ab¨ev` m¨vi,Ó †m ejj|)

Answer: The passer by stopped me and asked respectfully if I could tell him the way to the nearest inn. I replied in the affirmative and said that I could. I instructed/told him to go straight about 100 yards and then turn left. I also told him that then he would find it. The man then thanked me respectfully.

 

21.“We would like to go an excursion. Can we have your permission? Sir?” said the students. “Yes, you can arrange it after the examination is over. And you should choose a historical place for that”. replied the Headmaster. “ Thank you, Sir.”(Ò Avgiv GKwU cÖ‡gv` åg‡b †h‡Z PvB|  m¨vi ,Avgiv wK Avcbvi AbygwZ †c‡Z cvwi ?,  QvÎ-QvÎxiv ejj | n¨uv, cix¶v †kl nIqvi ci †Zvgiv Gi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z cvi| Ges GRb¨ †Zvgv‡`i GKwU HwZnvwmK ¯_vb cQ›` Kiv DwPZ|Ó cÖavb wk¶K DËi w`‡jj |Óm¨vi Avcbv‡K ab¨ev` |)

Answer: The students said that they would like to go on an excursion. They asked the Headmaster with respectfully if they could have his permission. The Headmaster replied in the affirmative and said that they could arrange that after the examination was over. He also said that they should choose a historical place for that. The students respectfully thanked the Headmaster.

22. The old man said, “Can you give me some food? I have been starving for three days.” The man said, “Why do you beg? Can’t you work?” “No, I’m unable to work.” The old man replied. (e„Ø ‡jvKwU ejj, Ò Zzwg wK Avgv‡K wKQy Lvevi w`‡Z cvi‡e ? Avwg `yÕw`b hveZ Abvnv‡i AvwQÓ| PvKivbxwU ejj ÓZzwg wf¶v Ki †Kb? Zzwg KvR Ki‡Z cvi bv|? Ó bv , Avwg KvR Ki‡Z A¶g Ó e„Ø ‡jvKwU ejj|)

Answer: The old man asked the maid if she could give him some food. He added that he had been starving for three days. The maid asked him why he begged. She further asked him if he couldn’t work. The old man replied in the negative that he was unable to work.

23.  “Did people use in those days” asked Rafiq. “Yes, answered Mr Jamil, “The first stamps were used in 1840.” “Are they easy to get now?” asked Rafiq. “They are very difficult to get,” his uncle replied.(ÒZLbKvi w`‡bi †jv‡Kiv wK WvKwU‡KU e¨envi KiZ?Ó iwdK wRÁvmv Kij| Òn¨vÓ Rvgvj mv‡ne DËi w`‡jb , ÒcÖ_g WvKwU‡KU e¨en&Z n‡qwQj 1840 m‡bÓ| ÒGLbwK †m¸‡jv mn‡R cvIqv hvq ?Ó  iwdK wRÁvmv Kij| Ò†m¸‡jv  cvIqv KwVb| ÓZvi PvPv DËi w`j |)

Answer:Rafiq asked Mr Jamil if people had used stamps in those days. Mr Jamil answered in the affirmative and said that the first stamp had been used in 1840.Rafiq asked if they were easy to get then. His uncle replied that they were very difficult to get.

24. Once I asked a sweet little girl, “What is your mother’s name?” She replied cleverly. “I know my mother’s name but I won’t tell you that.” I said. “What a clever girl you are!” “I don’t tell my mother’s name to anybody whom I don’t know.” She spoke with an air of confidence. (GK`v Avwg GKwU †QvU wgwó evwjKv‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg, Ò †Zvgvi gv‡qi bvg wK?Ó †m weP¶YZvi mv‡_ DËi w`j, ÒAvwg Avgvi gv‡qi bvg Rvwb wKš‘ Avwg Zv †Zvgv‡K eje bv|Ó Avwg ejjvg, Ò Zzwg wK weP¶Y evwjKv!Ó ÒAvwg KvD‡K Avgvi gv‡qi bvg ewj bv hv‡K Avwg wPwb bv,Ó †m AvZ¡wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ ejj|)

Answer: Once I asked a sweet little girl what her mother’s name was. She cleverly replied that she knew her mother’s name but she would not tell me that. I exclaimed with wonder that she was a very clever girl .With an air of confidence, she spoke that she didn’t tell her mother’s name to anybody whom she didn’t know.

 

25. “Great king of the genies,” called the monster. “I will never disobey you.” Hearing those words, the fisherman became very brave and said, “Tell me why you were locked up in the vase?” The giant angrily looked at the fisherman and said, “Speak to me politely or I shall kill you.” “Why should you kill me?” asked the fisherman. (ÓwRb‡`i gnvb ivRvÓ ˆ`Z¨ ejj, Ò Avwg KL‡bv †Zvgvi Aeva¨ ne bv|Ó I K_v¸‡jv ï‡b †R‡jwU mvnmx nj Ges ejj, ÒAvgv‡K ej †Kb †Zvgv‡K AvUwK‡q ivLv n‡qwQj?Ó ˆ`Z¨wU ivMvwš^Zfv‡e Zvi w`‡K ZvKvj Ges ejj, Ò Avgvi mv‡_ AwaKZi f`&ªfv‡e K_v ej A_ev Avwg †Zvgv‡K nZ¨v Kie |Ó  )

Answer: The monster called the great king of the genies and said that he would never again disobey him (G).Hearing those words ,the fishermen became brave and told the monster to tell him(f) why he (M) had been locked up in the vase. Then the giant angrily looked at him and told the fishermen to speak to him (M) more politely, otherwise he (M) would kill him (F)

26. “My sons, listen to me. A great treasure lies hidden in the land. I am going to leave it to you.” “How’ll we find it?” said the sons. “You must dig the land for it” said the old man. (ÒAvgvi cyÎiv Avgvi K_v †kvb | GKwU wekvj iZœ fvÛvi gvwUi bx‡P jyKvwqZ Av‡Q | Avwg GUv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †i‡L hvw”Q|Ó ÒGUv Avgiv wKfv‡e Ly‡Ru cve?Ó cyÎiv ejj| ÒGUvi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i‡K Aek¨B gvwU Lbb Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó e„Ø ‡jvKwU ej‡jb|)

Answer: The old man told his sons to listen to him that a great treasure lied hidden in the land. He added that he was going to leave that to them. The sons wanted to know how they would find it. The old man replied that they must dig the land for it.

27. “Zaman said to me, “Have you finished reading the book I gave you yesterday?”  “Yes, I have finished reading the book,’ I replied. “What an interesting book it is! I wish I would borrow the book earlier.’ I said. “Will you return the book to me today? he said. (Rvgvb Avgv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg wK eBwU cov †kl K‡i‡Qv †hwU Avwg MZKvj †Zvgv‡K w`‡qwQjvg ?Ó n¨vu, Avwg eBwU cov †kl K‡iwQ,Ó Avwg DËi w`jvg| ÒwK GK gRvi eB GwU ! Avgvi B”Qv nq Avwg hw` eBwU Av‡iv Av‡M avi wbZvg!Ó Avwg ejjvg | Ò Zzwg wK eBwU Avgv‡K AvR †diZ w`‡e Ó? †m wRÁvmv Kij | )

Answer: Zaman asked me if I had finished reading the book he had given me the previous day. I replied in the affirmative and added that I had finished reading the book. I exclaimed with delight that it was a very interesting book. Further I wished that I might borrow the book earlier. He asked me if I would return the book to him that day.

28. Father said to his son, “Why are you making late? Go to school now.” “No, I am not going to school today. I feel dizzy., ” said his son. ( wcZv Zvi cy·K ejj, ÒZzwg †Kb †`ix KiQ?Ó G¶ywb ¯‹z‡j hvI|Ó bv, Avwg AvR ¯‹z‡j hvw”Q bv | Avgvi gv_v Nyi‡QÓ, Zvi cyÎ ejj |)

Answer: Father asked his son why he was making late. He told him to go to school then. His son replied that he was not going to school that day. He added that he felt dizzy.

 

29. “Have you killed the rates?” said the Mayor. “Yes, I have, said the piper. “Give me the promised money.” “How funny!” said the Mayor, we cannot give you so much money. Take only fifty. ( ÒZzwg wK B›`yi ¸‡jv‡K †g‡i‡Qv?Ó †gqi ejj |Òn¨vu, Avwg †g‡iwQ,Ó eskxev`K ejj, ÒAvgv‡K cÖwZkÖ“Z UvKv w`b |Ó  Ò wK gRv ! †gqi ejj, Avgiv †Zvgv‡K †ekx UvKv w`‡Z cvwi bv | gvÎ cÂvk UvKv bvI |Ó)

Answer: The Mayor asked the piper if he (p) had killed the rates. The Piper replied in the affirmative that he had. Then he (P) told the Mayor to give him (P) the promised money. The Mayor exclaimed in wonder that it was very funny. He added that they could not give him (P) so much money and told him to take only fifty.

30. “Why did you not go to school?” said the mother to the girl. “I was ill, mum,” the girl replied. “How are you today?” the mother asked again.” Well,” said the girl, “Don’t worry for me.”    ( ÒZzwg MZKvj †Kb ¯‹z‡j hvIwb ?Ó gv evwwjKvwU‡K ejj| Ògv, Ò Avwg Amy¯’ wQjvg,Ó evwjKvwU DËi w`j|ÒZzwg AvR †Kgb Av‡Qv? Ó gv Avevi wRÁvmv Kij | ÒfvjÓ, evwjKvwU ejj, ÒAvgvi Rb¨ DwØMœ nBI bvÓ|)

Answer: The mother asked the girl why she had not gone to school the previous day. The girl loving replied that she had been ill. The mother again asked her how she was that day. The girl replied that she was well. She also said not to worry for her.

31. “Ratan, have you done your English lesson today?” asked the teacher. “Yes, Sir, I did it. But I haven’t understood some grammatical points.” replied Ratan. “Where is the problem?” said the teacher. “Let us try again.” (ÒiZb, Zzwg wK †Zvgvi Bs‡iwR cvV K‡i‡Qv ?Ó wk¶K wRÁvmv Kij | Òn¨v, m¨vi, Avwg Bnv K‡iwQjvg| wKš‘ MÖvgv‡ii wKQy welq eyS‡Z cvwiwb|Ó, iZb DËi w`j|Òmgm¨v †Kv_vq?Ó wk¶K ejj,ÒPj Avgiv Avevi †Póv Kwi|Ó)

Answer:The teacher asked Ratan if he had done his English lesson that day. Ratan replied that he had done it but he had not understood some grammatical points. The teacher again asked him where the problem was. He suggested that they should try again.

32. “I’ve got GPA-5 in the SSC examination” said Rafiq. “Congratulation!” I said. “What do you intend to do now?” “I want to study physics, Chemistry and higher Mathematics of H.S.C at home.”  “I’ll to try to get admission in BUET after my H.S.C exam.” Rafiq replied. (ÒAvwg Gm.Gm.wm cix¶vq wR.wc.G-5 †c‡qwQ,Ó iwdK ejj|ÒAwfb›`b!Ó,Avwg ejjvg|ÒZzwg GLb wK Ki‡Z PvI?ÓÒAvwg evox‡Z c`v_© we`¨v,imvqb we`¨v,I D”PZi MwYZ co‡Z PvB|Avgvi GBP, Gm, wm cix¶vi ci Avwg ey‡q‡U fwZ© n‡Z †Póv Kie|Ó iwdK Dˇi ejj|)

Answer: Rafiq said  that she had got GPA-5 in the SSC Examination. I congratulated him.  I  asked him what he intended to do then. He replied that he wanted to study Physics, Chemistry and Higher Mathematics’ of H.S.C at home. He added that he would try to get admission in BUET after his H.S.C exam.

 

33. “Follow my example,” she said as we shook hands, “and never eat more than one thing for luncheon.” “I’ll do better than that,” I retorted “I’ll eat nothing at dinner to night.” “Humorist!” she cried gaily, jumping into a cab. (ÒAvgvi `„óvšÍ Abymib KiÓ Avgvi nvZ wgjv‡bvi mgq †m ejj, Ges `ycy‡ii Lvev‡i GKwU wRwb‡mi AwZwi³ KL‡bv Lv‡e bv|Ó ÒAvwg Zvi †P‡q AviI KieÓ Avwg mgywPZ Reve w`jvg, ÒAvwg iv‡Zi cÖavb Lvev‡i wKQyB Lve bvÓ|ÒiwmK! †m Avb›`wP‡Ë wPrKvi K‡i GKwU K¨v‡e jvwd‡q P‡o emj|)

As we shook hands she advised me to follow her example and never to eat more than one thing for luncheon. I retorted that I would do better than that and added that I would eat nothing at dinner that night. Jumping into a cab, she cried gaily and commented that I was a humorist.

34. “I’ve lost my tooth.” said Samira. “I’ll look ugly and horrible.” “Don’t worry,” said Mina. “Just put your tooth into a rat’s hole and a rat will give you one of its fine teeth.” (ÒAvwg Avgvi `vZu nvwi‡qwQ|Ó, mvwgiv ejj| Ò Avgv‡K KzrwmZ I fqsKvi †`Lv‡e|Ó ÒwPšÍv K‡iv bv|Ó wgbv ejj|Ò‡Zvgvi `vZu Bu`y‡ii M‡Z© ivL Ges Bu`yi Zvi GKwU my›`i `uvZ w`‡e|Ó)

Answer: Samira told Mina that she(S) had lost her tooth. She added that she would look ugly and horrible. Mina told her (s) not worry and also advised her (s) to just put her tooth into a rat’s hole and a rat would give her (s) one of its fine teeth.

35. The stranger said to the boy, “Will you tell me the way to the nearest hotel?” “Yes, I’ll. Do you want a residential one in which you can spend the night?” the boy said. “I don’t want to stay there, but only want a meal.” the stranger replied. ( ågbKvix K…lK‡K wRÁvmv Kij ÒZzwg wK Avgv‡K wbKUZg mivBLvbvi bvg ej‡Z cvi?Ó K…lK ejj Òn¨v, Avwg cvwi| Avcwb wK Ggb GKUv mivBLvbv Pvb hv‡Z Avcwb  ivZ KvUv‡Z cv‡ib?Ó  ågbKvix ejj, ÒAvwg †mLv‡b _vK‡Z PvB bv, wKš‘ Avwg ïay GKevi Lvevi PvB|Ó)

Answer: The stranger asked the peasant if he could tell him the way to the nearest hotel. The peasant replied that he could. The peasant asked the stranger if he wanted one in which he could spend the night. The Stranger replied that he did not wish to say there but only wanted a meal.

36. A hawker said to me, “Do you want any newspaper? I have all types of newspers. Please take one.” I said, “ I want a weekly. Do you have any magazine?” He said, “Yes, I have the latest copy of The Jai Jai Din.” (GK nKvi Avgv‡K ejj, ÒAvcwb wK †Kvb cwÎKv Pvb? Avgvi mKj ai‡bi msev`cÎ Av‡Q| `qv K‡i GKwU wbb|ÓAvwg ejjvg, ÒAvwg GKwU mvßvwnKx PvB|‡Zvgvi Kv‡Q wK †Kvb mvgwqKx Av‡Q? †m ejj Òn¨v,Avgvi Kv‡Q hvqhvqw`b Gi me©‡kl Kwc Av‡Q|Ó)

Answer: A hawker asked me if I wanted any news paper and told me that he had all types of newspapers. He further requested me to take one. I told him that I wanted a weekly and also asked him if he had any magazine. He replied in the affirmative and said that he had the latest copy of the Jai Jain Din.

 

 

37. The teacher said to Rita. “Why are you talking in the class? You should behave yourself.” Rita said. “Sir. I am sorry. The teacher said. “Be attentive and listen to my lecture. May Allah bless you.”  (wk¶K iZœv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg †Kb †kªYx‡Z K_v ejQ? †Zvgvi wb‡Ri AvPi‡Y mshZ nIqv `iKvi|Ó iZœv ejj, Òm¨vi,Avwg `ytwLZ|Ó wk¶K ejj,Òg‡bv‡hvMx nI GesAvgvi e³„Zv †kvb| Avj­vn †Zvgvi g½j KiyyK|Ó)

Answer: The teacher asked Rita why she was talking in the class and added that she should behave herself. Ratna respectfully said that she was sorry. The teacher advised her to be attentive and listen to his lecture and also wished that Allah might bless her.

38. “I came to Dhaka this morning. I sent you a telegram before starting from home.” He said, “Did you receive it in time?” He asked. “No, I did not receive it.” I replied. (ÒAvwg G mKv‡j XvKv Avmjvg|evox n‡Z iIbv nIqvi c~‡e© Avwg †Zvgvi GKwU evZv© cvwV‡qwQjvg|Ó †m ejj, ÒZzwg wK GwU mgqgZ MÖnY K‡iwQj?Ó †m wRÁvmv Kij |Òbv, Avwg GwU cvBwbÓ Avwg DËi w`jvg|)

Answer: He said to me that he had come to Dhaka that morning. He also said that he had sent a telegrame before starting from home. He then asked me if I had received that in time.I replied in the negative and told that I had not received that.

39. Mother said to Rina, “Are you going to school, now?” “Yes” Rina replied, “Yes” Arif replied. “You have to return soon because we will go for Eid shopping” said mother. “What a nice idea! Mum, you are great,” Rina said. (gv ixbv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg wK GLb ¯‹y‡j hv”Q?Ó ixbv DËi w`j Òn¨v,| Ò‡Zvgv‡K ZvovZvwo evox‡Z wdi‡Z n‡e KviY Avgiv C‡`i †KbvKvUv Ki‡Z hve|Ó gv ejj|Ó ÒwK my›`i cwiKíbv! ÓZzwg gnrÓ ixbv ejj|)

Answer: Mother asked Rina if she was going to school then. Rina replied in the positive. Mother told her that she had to return soon because they would go for Eid shopping. Rina exclaimed with joy that it was a very nice idea. She also expressed that her mum was great.

40. “Why are you talking in the class?” said the teacher. “I was talking with Ali about the schedule of S.S.C  examination.” replied Karim. “Don’t gossip in the class. Be attentive to your lesson” said the teacher. “Sorry, Sir.  Please forgive me for this time.” said he.(ÒZzwg ‡kªYx‡Z †Kb K_v ej‡Qv ?Ó wk¶K ej‡jb| Avwg Avjxi mv‡_ K_v ej‡ZwQjvg Gm Gm wm cix¶vi mgqm~Px m¤ú©‡K|Ó Kwig DËi w`j|‡kªYx‡Z Mí K‡iv bv|‡Zvgvi cv‡V g‡bv‡hvMx nI|Ó  wk¶K ej‡jb| Ò`ytwLZ,m¨vi| GB mg‡qi Rb¨ AbyMÖn K‡I Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki‡eb|Ó ‡m  ejj|

Answer: The teacher asked Karim why he was talking in the class. Karim replied that he had been talking with Ali about the Schedule of the S.S.C examination. The teacher advised him not to gossip in the class and again advised him to be attentive to his lessons .He expressed sorry with respectfully and forgave him for that time.

 

41.“Have you done your home work?” The mother said to the daughter, “No, I’ve forgotten.” said the daughter. “That’s very bad. You must be more careful about your homework. By doing so, you can’t expect to do well in your studies.’ said the mother. (ÒZzwg wK †Zvgvi evoxi KvR K‡i‡Qv?Ó gv Zvi Kb¨v‡K ejj|Òbv, Avwg fy‡j wM‡qwQ|Ó Kb¨v ejj|‡mwU AZ¨šÍ Lvivc|Zywg †Zvgvi evoxi KvR m¤ú©‡K Aek¨B mZK© n‡e|GBfv‡e Kivi gva¨‡g Zzwg  fvj djvdj jv‡fi Avkv Ki‡Z cvi bv|gv  ejj| )

Answer: The mother asked the daughter if she had done her home works. The daughter replied in the negative and told that she had forgotten. The mother told that that was very bad. She suggested the daughter that she must be more careful about her home work. She also warned her daughter that by doing so, she could not expect to do well in the examination.

42.‘Shima, can you tell me what I am teaching?” the teacher asked. I’m sorry. Sir. I can’t follow,” replied Shima. “You can’t because you are attentive, ‘the teacher said.(Òmxgv, Zzwg wK Avgv‡K ej‡Z cvi‡e Avwg wK wk¶v w`‡ZwQ| wk¶K ej‡jb| Avwg `ytwLZ, m¨vi|Avwg AbymiY Kwiwb|mxgv DËi w`j| ÒZzwg cvi bv KviY Zzwg g‡bv‡hvMx bv|Ó wk¶K ej‡jb|

Answer: The teacher asked Shima if she could tell him what he was teaching. Shima replied in the negative that she could not follow. The teacher then told that she could not follow because she was not attentive.

43.“Have you offered your prayer today?” I said to my brother. “No, I have forgotten.” he said. “That’s bad.” I said. “We must pray everyday.” He said, “ I am sorry. I shall always say in time.” I said to him, “May Allah bless you.”

  (ÒZzwg wK †Zvgvi cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qv? Avwg Avgvi fvB‡K e‡jwQjvg| Ôbv, Avwg fy‡j wM‡qwQjvg| ‡m ejj||‡mwU AZ¨šÍ Lvivc|Avwg ejjvg|Ò Avgv‡`i Aek¨B cÖwZw`b cÖv_©bv Kiv DwPr|  ‡m ejj, Ò Avwg `ytwLZ|Avwg wbqwgZ cÖv_©bv Kie|Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg,Ò Avj­vn †Zvgvi g½j Kiyb|Ó)

Answer: I asked my brother if he had offered his prayer that day. He replied in the negative and said that he had forgotten. I said that was bad. I also said that we had to  pray everyday. He said that he was sorry and added that he would say it in time. I wished that Allah might bless him.

44.“Do you know why you are sent to school?” “For playing with friends, father.” “No, you are sent to learn and write.” “But I won’t read and write.” replied Jack sulky. “Yes, you will.”( ÒZzwg wK Rvb †Zvgv‡K ¯‹z‡j cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q?Ó ÒeÜz‡`i mv‡_ †Ljv Kivi Rb¨,evev|Ó Ò bv,†Zvgv‡K †jLvcov †kLvi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q|Ó ÒwKšZz Avwg †jLvcov Kie bv|Ó R¨vK DËi w`j|Òn¨v, Zzwg Aek¨B Ki‡e|

Answer: Father asked Jack if he knew why he was sent to school  for playing with friends. Father expressed his negativeness and told him that he was sent to learn to read and write. Father asserted that he (Jack) would read and write.

45.“Have you ever been to Cox’s Bazer?” asked Hasan. “No, I have never gone there, “replied Kamal. “But I long for visiting the place.” “I had an opportunity to visit the sea beach last year,” said Hasan. “How charming the scenery is!”(ÒZzwg wK KL‡bv K·evRv‡i wM‡qQ?Ónvmvb wRÁvmv Kij| Òbv, Avwg KLbI K·evRv‡i hvBwb|Kvgvj DËi w`j|wKš‘ Avwg RvqMvwU‡Z hvIqvi Rb¨ `xN©w`b †_‡K cÖZ¨vkv KiwQ|Avwg MZ eQi mgy`ª ˆmK‡Z hvIqvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQjvg|nvmvb ejj| ÒwK my›`i RvqMvwU!Ó)

Answer: Hasan asked Kamal if he had ever been to cox’s Bazer. Kamal replied that he had never gone there but he longed for visiting the place. Hasan added that he had an opportunity to visit the sea beach the previous year. He exclaimed with joy that the scenery was very charming.

 

46.Rashed said Tapas, “I went to the station. I had to receive my uncle there. Where did you go? I went to your house to collect a book from you.” “I am sorry. Let’s go. I shall lend you the book.” (iv‡k` Zvcm‡K ejj, ÒAvwg †÷k‡b wM‡qwQjvg| Avgvi gvgv‡K †mLv‡b Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡Z n‡qwQj|Zzwg †Kv_vq wM‡qwQj|Avwg GKUv eB‡qi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i evox‡Z wM‡qwQjvg|Ó ÒAvwg `ytwLZ| Pj hvB|Avwg †Zvgv‡K eBwU avi w`e|Ó

Answer: Rashed said Tapas that he (R ) had gone to the station and he (R) had to receive his (R) uncle there. Rashed also asked Tapas where he (T) had gone. Tapas replied that he had gone to his house (R) to collect a book from him (R ). Rashed apolozied and proposed to him that they should go. Rashed also confirmed him and told him (T) that he (R) would lend him (T) the book.

47.The Teacher became very angry with the student and said, “Why have you disturbed the class in this way? I have told you before that when I am speaking you should be silent. Leave the class and do not come today”.(wk¶K QvÎwUi mv‡_ †i‡M ejj, Ò‡kªYx‡Z †Kb Gfv‡e e¨vNvZ m„wó K‡iQ?Ó †Zvgv‡K Av‡M e‡jwQ †h hLb Avwg K_v ewj ZLb †Zvgvi wbie _vKv DwPZ|‡kªYx †Q‡o P‡j hvI AvR †kbx‡Z Avm‡e bv|Ó )

Answer; The teacher became angry with the student and asked why he (s) had again disturbed the class in that way. He added that he had told him before that when he was speaking he should be silent. Then he ordered the student to leave the room and not to return again that day.

48.Teacher said to me, “Why did you not perform your homework?”  I said to him, “Sorry I was busy with my mother’s treatment.” Then he said, “From now on I expect you to be punctual” I said, “Ok, Sir.”(wk¶K Avgv‡K ej‡jb, Ò Zzwg †Kb †Zvgvi evoxi KvR Kiwb?ÓAvwg ejjvg, Ò`ytwLZ Avwg Avgvi gv‡qi wPwKrmvq e¨¯Í wQjvg|Ó Zvici †m ejj,Ò GLb †_‡K Avwg Avkv Kwi Zywg mg†qi cÖwZ †Lqvj ivL‡e|Ó Avwg ejjvg| ÒwVK Av‡Q,m¨vi,Ó)

Answer: The Teacher asked me why I had not performed my home work. I told him sorrowfully that I had been busy with my mother’s treatment. Then he told that from then on the expected me to be punctual told him respectfully that it would be ok.

49.“Nafia, have you done your English lesson today?” asked the teacher. “Yes Sir.” she replied. “But I haven’t understood one grammatical point.” the teacher assured her saying. “Come to my room, I’ll help you understand the point.” “Thank you sir.” she smilingly said.(Òbvwdqv, Zzwg wK AvR †Zvgvi Bs‡iRx wel‡qi cvV K‡i‡Qv?Ó wk¶K  wRÁvmv Kij | Òn¨uv, m¨viÓ †m DËi w`j|wKš‘ Avwg MÖvgv‡ii GKwU welq eyS‡Z cvwiwb| wk¶K Zv‡K Avk¦vm w`‡q ejj ,Ò Avgvi iy‡g Avm,Avwg †Zvgv‡K eyS‡Z mvnvh¨ Kie|Òab¨ev`, m¨viÓ †m nvwmgy‡L ejj| )

Answer: The teacher asked Nafia if she (N) had done his (R) English lesson that day. Nafia replied in the affirmative with respectfully said that he(R) had not understood one grammatical point and also requested him (T) to explain her (N) to understand the point. He (R) thanked him (T) with respect.

50.My friend said to me, “Why are you sitting alone here?” I have been looking for you. Let us go for a walk in the open field. “Leave me alone.”(Avgvi eÜz Avgv‡K ejj, Ò Zywg GLv‡b †Kb GKv e‡m AvQ?Ó Avwg †Zvgv‡K LyRwQ|wRÁvmv Kij|Pj Avgiv †Lvjv gv‡V nvwU| ÒAvgv‡K GKv _vK‡Z `vI|)

Answer: My friend asked me why I was sitting alone there and told me that he had been looking for me. He further proposed that we should go for a walk in the open field. I told him to leave me alone.

RULES OF TRANSFORMATION

Reaching home, I did not find him.

When I reached home, I did not find him.

I reached home and I did not find him.

In spite of his poverty, he is honest.

Though he is poor, he is honest.

He is poor but he is honest.

As he was honest, he was rewarded.

He was honest and so he was rewarded.

Because of his honesty, he was rewarded.

The meeting having finished, they returned home.

The meeting had finished and  they returned home.

When the meeting had finished, they returned home.

He is too dull to understand it.

He is very dull and can not understand it.

He is so dull that he can not understand it.

The enemies fled as soon as they saw us.

The enemies saw us and fled at once.

Seeing us the enemies fledimmediately.

Our teachers not only teach us but also guide us.

Besides teaching us, our teachers guide us.

Our teachers both teach us and guide us.

God alone is almighty.

None but God is almighty.

I must help the poor.

I can not but help the poor.

As soon as the rain stopped we came.

No sooner had the rain stoppedthan we came.

What a beautiful scene it is!

It is a very beautiful scene.

If I were a bird!

I wish I were a bird.

Had I been a child again!

I wish I had been a child again.

God blesses all.

May God bless all.

You should go to school.

Go to school.

We play football.

Let us play football.

She reads a book.

  Let her read a book.

David is rich

May David be rich.

Hurrah! We have won the game.

It is a matter of joy that we have won the game.

Alas! His sister is dead.

It is a matter of sorrow that his sister is dead.

Only honesty is rewarded.

Nothing but honesty is rewarded.